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Difference between revisions of "Indian Pied Starling" - BirdForum Opus

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m (Njlarsen moved page Asian Pied Starling to Indian Pied Starling: consensus Clements and IOC, part of a split)
 
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'''Alternative names: Pied Starling; Pied Myna'''
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'''Alternative names: Pied Starling; Indian Pied Myna'''
 
[[Image:asian_pied_starling_alok_2.JPG|thumb|550px|right|Nominate subspecies showing subtle plumage hues of summer<br /> Photo &copy; by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}} <br />Gurgaon, Haryana, [[India]], May-2017]]
 
[[Image:asian_pied_starling_alok_2.JPG|thumb|550px|right|Nominate subspecies showing subtle plumage hues of summer<br /> Photo &copy; by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}} <br />Gurgaon, Haryana, [[India]], May-2017]]
  
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;[[: Category:Gracupica|Gracupica]] contra
+
;[[Category:Gracupica]] [[: Category:Gracupica|Gracupica]] contra
 
''Sturnus contra''
 
''Sturnus contra''
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
−
[[Image:Asian_Pied_Starling.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''G. c. floweri''<br />Photo &copy; by {{user|Chaiyan|Chaiyan}} <br />Central [[Thailand]], December 2002]]
+
 
 
22cm (8½ in). A  medium-sized Starling.
 
22cm (8½ in). A  medium-sized Starling.
 
* Black and white plumage
 
* Black and white plumage
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Sexes similar. Juveniles are browner than adults, their cheek patch is dirty white.
 
Sexes similar. Juveniles are browner than adults, their cheek patch is dirty white.
 
==Distribution==
 
==Distribution==
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From extreme eastern [[Pakistan]] to north and central [[India]], southern [[Nepal]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Burma]], southwest [[China]], [[Thailand]], [[Laos]], [[Cambodia]] and on [[Sumatra]], [[Java]] and [[Bali]].<br />
+
From extreme eastern [[Pakistan]] to north and central [[India]], southern [[Nepal]], [[Bangladesh]], [[Myanmar]].<br />
 
Introduced around Bombay, in [[Japan]] and in [[Saudi Arabia]] and the [[United Arab Emirates]].<br />
 
Introduced around Bombay, in [[Japan]] and in [[Saudi Arabia]] and the [[United Arab Emirates]].<br />
 
Common in most of its range.
 
Common in most of its range.
 
==Taxonomy==
 
==Taxonomy==
 +
Some authorities place this species in genus ''[[: Category:Sturnus|Sturnus]]''. This species formerly included [[Siamese Pied Starling]] and [[Javan Pied Starling]]; the combined species was known as Asian Pied Starling.
 
[[Image:asian_pied_starling_alok_3.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile<br />Photo &copy; by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}} <br />[[Keoladeo National Park]], Bharatpur, [[India]], June-2017]]
 
[[Image:asian_pied_starling_alok_3.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile<br />Photo &copy; by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}} <br />[[Keoladeo National Park]], Bharatpur, [[India]], June-2017]]
 
====Subspecies====
 
====Subspecies====
−
Five subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>:
+
Clements recognizes three subspecies[[#References|[1]]].
 
*''G. c. contra'':
 
*''G. c. contra'':
 
:*Northern and central [[India]], extreme eastern [[Pakistan]]
 
:*Northern and central [[India]], extreme eastern [[Pakistan]]
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*''G. c. superciliaris'':
 
*''G. c. superciliaris'':
 
:*Manipur and [[Myanmar]] south to Tenasserim
 
:*Manipur and [[Myanmar]] south to Tenasserim
−
*''G. c. floweri'':
+
 
−
:*Southern [[Myanmar]] to [[Thailand]] and [[Laos]]
 
−
*''G. c. jalla'':
 
−
:*[[Sumatra]], [[Java]] and [[Bali]]
 
−
Some authorities place this species in genus ''[[: Category:Sturnus|Sturnus]]''.
 
 
==Habitat==
 
==Habitat==
 
[[Image:asian_pied_starling_alok.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Photo &copy; by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}} <br /> Communal roosting shared with [[Bank Myna]]<br/>Basai Wetlands, Gurgaon, Haryana [[India]], Jan. 2015]]
 
[[Image:asian_pied_starling_alok.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Photo &copy; by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}} <br /> Communal roosting shared with [[Bank Myna]]<br/>Basai Wetlands, Gurgaon, Haryana [[India]], Jan. 2015]]
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====Breeding====
 
====Breeding====
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Breeds from February to October in [[India]], May to July in southeast [[Asia]], September to October in [[Java]]. A [[Dictionary_M-O#M|monogamous]] species, sometimes breeding in loose colonies. The nest is a large domed structure made of twigs, grass stems, rootlets, palm leaves and artifical material (like plastic bags). It's placed 5 to 15m above the ground in a tall tree, an electricity pole or a lamppost. Lays 4 - 6 eggs, 3 in [[Java]].
+
Breeds from February to October in [[India]]. A [[Dictionary_M-O#M|monogamous]] species, sometimes breeding in loose colonies. The nest is a large domed structure made of twigs, grass stems, rootlets, palm leaves and artifical material (like plastic bags). It's placed 5 to 15m above the ground in a tall tree, an electricity pole or a lamppost. Lays 4 - 6 eggs, 3 in [[Java]].
 
====Movements====
 
====Movements====
 
A resident species with some local movements in extreme northwest of range.
 
A resident species with some local movements in extreme northwest of range.
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[[Bharatpur Keoladeo National Park]], [[India]], Dec.-2014<br />
 
[[Bharatpur Keoladeo National Park]], [[India]], Dec.-2014<br />
 
==References==
 
==References==
−
#{{Ref-Clements6thAug17}}#{{Ref-HBWVol14}}#BF Member observations
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#{{Ref-Clements6thOct22}}#{{Ref-GillDonskerRasmussen22V13.1}}#{{Ref-HBWVol14}}#Bindforum Member observations
 
{{ref}}
 
{{ref}}
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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{{GSearch|"Sturnus contra" {{!}} "Gracupica contra" {{!}} "Asian Pied Starling" {{!}} "Pied Starling" {{!}} "Pied Myna" {{!}} "Siamese Pied Starling"}}  
+
{{GSearch|"Sturnus contra" {{!}} "Gracupica contra" {{!}} "Indian Pied Starling" {{!}} "Indian Pied Myna"}}  
 
<br />
 
<br />
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{{VSearch|"Sturnus contra" {{!}} "Gracupica contra" {{!}} "Asian Pied Starling" {{!}} "Pied Starling" {{!}} "Pied Myna" {{!}} "Siamese Pied Starling"}}
+
{{VSearch|"Sturnus contra" {{!}} "Gracupica contra" {{!}} "Indian Pied Starling" {{!}} "Indian Pied Myna" }}
 
{{GS-checked}}1
 
{{GS-checked}}1
 
<br />
 
<br />
 
<br />
 
<br />
  
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[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Gracupica]] [[Category:Bird Songs]][[Category:Videos]]
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[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Bird Songs]][[Category:Videos]]

Latest revision as of 19:38, 8 October 2023

Alternative names: Pied Starling; Indian Pied Myna

Nominate subspecies showing subtle plumage hues of summer
Photo © by Alok Tewari
Gurgaon, Haryana, India, May-2017
Gracupica contra

Sturnus contra

Identification

22cm (8½ in). A medium-sized Starling.

  • Black and white plumage
  • Creamish yellow bill
  • Orange skin around eye
  • White ear coverts and underparts
  • Black throat and upper breast
  • White scapular line and inner wing coverts in largely black wings
  • Yellowish-brown legs

Sexes similar. Juveniles are browner than adults, their cheek patch is dirty white.

Distribution

From extreme eastern Pakistan to north and central India, southern Nepal, Bangladesh, Myanmar.
Introduced around Bombay, in Japan and in Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates.
Common in most of its range.

Taxonomy

Some authorities place this species in genus Sturnus. This species formerly included Siamese Pied Starling and Javan Pied Starling; the combined species was known as Asian Pied Starling.

Juvenile
Photo © by Alok Tewari
Keoladeo National Park, Bharatpur, India, June-2017

Subspecies

Clements recognizes three subspecies[1].

  • G. c. contra:
  • G. c. sordida:
  • Northern Assam
  • G. c. superciliaris:
  • Manipur and Myanmar south to Tenasserim

Habitat

Photo © by Alok Tewari
Communal roosting shared with Bank Myna
Basai Wetlands, Gurgaon, Haryana India, Jan. 2015

Cultivated areas such as ricefields, open lowlands, especially well-watered cultivated areas, reservoirs and parks and gardens. Mainly in the lowlands.

Behaviour

Forages on the ground, usually in pairs or small groups. In non-breeding season also in bigger flocks of up to 30 birds.

Diet

Omnivorous. Feeds on animal food, fruit, nectar, flowers and seeds.

Breeding

Breeds from February to October in India. A monogamous species, sometimes breeding in loose colonies. The nest is a large domed structure made of twigs, grass stems, rootlets, palm leaves and artifical material (like plastic bags). It's placed 5 to 15m above the ground in a tall tree, an electricity pole or a lamppost. Lays 4 - 6 eggs, 3 in Java.

Movements

A resident species with some local movements in extreme northwest of range.

Vocalisation

Call given by a small number of individuals feeding on Salvadora persica blossom and fruits, early morning.

Recording by Alok Tewari
Bharatpur Keoladeo National Park, India, Dec.-2014

References

  1. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2022. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2022. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
  2. Gill, F, D Donsker, and P Rasmussen (Eds). 2023. IOC World Bird List (v 13.1)_red. Doi 10.14344/IOC.ML.13.1. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/
  3. Del Hoyo, J, A Elliott, and D Christie, eds. 2009. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 14: Bush-shrikes to Old World Sparrows. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-8496553507
  4. Bindforum Member observations

Recommended Citation

External Links


GSearch checked for 2020 platform.1

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