m |
(Picture of subadult. References updated) |
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Line 3: | Line 3: | ||
;[[:category:Hypothymis|Hypothymis]] azurea | ;[[:category:Hypothymis|Hypothymis]] azurea | ||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
− | + | 15–17 cm, (6-6¾ in)<br /> | |
'''Male''' | '''Male''' | ||
*Pale blue head, chest, back and tail | *Pale blue head, chest, back and tail | ||
Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
[[Pale-blue Monarch]] was formerly included in this species. | [[Pale-blue Monarch]] was formerly included in this species. | ||
− | ====Subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup> | + | ====Subspecies==== |
− | + | [[Image:Black naped monarch MWR.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Sub-adult<br />Photo by {{user|robby+thai|robby thai}}<br />[[Mae Wong National Park]], [[Thailand]], August 2015]] | |
+ | Several subspecies, including many island forms<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | ||
*''H. a. styani'': [[India]] and [[Nepal]] to southern [[China]] and [[Indochina]]; winters to Hainan | *''H. a. styani'': [[India]] and [[Nepal]] to southern [[China]] and [[Indochina]]; winters to Hainan | ||
*''H. a. oberholseri'': [[Taiwan]] | *''H. a. oberholseri'': [[Taiwan]] | ||
Line 53: | Line 54: | ||
'''Song''': ''Hui-hui-hui'' or ''pwee-pwee-pwee''. | '''Song''': ''Hui-hui-hui'' or ''pwee-pwee-pwee''. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
− | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug15}}#Avibase |
#Birding in Taiwan | #Birding in Taiwan | ||
#Wikipedia | #Wikipedia |
Revision as of 19:58, 3 October 2015
Alternative name: Black-naped Blue Monarch
- Hypothymis azurea
Identification
15–17 cm, (6-6¾ in)
Male
- Pale blue head, chest, back and tail
- Wings are a darker blue
- Thin black throat band
- Whitish lower belly
- Black nape, gorget and crest
Female: duller
- Lacks black markings
- Grey-brown back, breast, wings and tail
Distribution
From India and Sri Lanka east to Indochina, southern China, Taiwan, Malaysia, Indonesia and the Philippines.
Taxonomy
Pale-blue Monarch was formerly included in this species.
Subspecies
Several subspecies, including many island forms[1]:
- H. a. styani: India and Nepal to southern China and Indochina; winters to Hainan
- H. a. oberholseri: Taiwan
- H. a. forrestia: Mergui Archipelago (southern Myanmar)
- H. a. montana: Northern and central Thailand
- H. a. galerita: Peninsular Thailand
- H. a. prophata: Southern Thailand, Malaysia, Sumatra and Borneo
- H. a. tytleri: Andaman Islands and Cocos Islands (Bay of Bengal)
- H. a. ceylonensis: Sri Lanka
- H. a. idiochroa: Car Nicobar Island
- H. a. nicobarica: Nicobar Islands
- H. a. opisthocyanea: Anambas Islands (South China Sea)
- H. a. javana: Java and Bali
- H. a. penidae: Penida Island (Lesser Sundas)
- H. a. karimatensis: Karimata Island (off western Borneo)
- H. a. gigantoptera: Natunas Islands (South China Sea)
- H. a. aeria: Maratua Islands (off Borneo)
- H. a. consobrina: Simeulue Island (off Sumatra)
- H. a. leucophila: Mentawi Archipelago (off Sumatra)
- H. a. richmondi: Enggano Island (Sumatra)
- H. a. abbotti: Babi and Masia islands (Malaysia)
- H. a. symmixta: Lesser Sundas
- H. a. azurea: Philippine Islands
- H. a. catarmanensis: Southern Philippines (Camiguin Sur)
Habitat
Disturbed mixed deciduous forest, forest edge and second growth, with thick undergrowth, at heights up to 1,500m.
Behaviour
Breeding
A small cup nest is built from fine grasses and moss, placed in a tree. The clutch consists of 3 eggs.
Diet
The diet includes insects.
Vocalisation
Song: Hui-hui-hui or pwee-pwee-pwee.
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2015. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2015, with updates to August 2015. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Avibase
- Birding in Taiwan
- Wikipedia
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2025) Black-naped Monarch. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 5 February 2025 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Black-naped_Monarch