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==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
18-21 cm (7-8¼ in)<br /> | 18-21 cm (7-8¼ in)<br /> | ||
| − | *Dark | + | *Dark upperparts with whitish spots |
*Greyish head and breast | *Greyish head and breast | ||
*White underparts | *White underparts | ||
| Line 15: | Line 15: | ||
[[Central America]]: [[Mexico]], [[Guatemala]], [[Belize]], [[El Salvador]], [[Honduras]], [[Nicaragua]], [[Costa Rica]], [[Bermuda]]<br /> | [[Central America]]: [[Mexico]], [[Guatemala]], [[Belize]], [[El Salvador]], [[Honduras]], [[Nicaragua]], [[Costa Rica]], [[Bermuda]]<br /> | ||
| − | [[Caribbean]]: [[Greater Antilles]], [[Lesser Antilles]], [[Windward Islands]], | + | [[Caribbean]]: [[Greater Antilles]], [[Lesser Antilles]], [[Windward Islands]], Leeward Islands, [[Bahamas]], [[Cuba]], Turks and Caicos Islands, [[Cayman Islands]], [[Hispaniola]], [[Haiti]], [[Dominican Republic]], [[Puerto Rico]], [[Virgin Islands]], [[Anguilla]], [[Antigua]], [[Barbuda]], [[Guadeloupe]], [[Dominica]], [[Martinique]], [[Barbados]], [[Trinidad]], [[Tobago]], [[Netherlands Antilles]]<br /> |
[[South America]], [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]], [[Guyana]], [[Suriname]], [[French Guiana]], [[Ecuador]], [[Peru]], [[Bolivia]], [[Brazil]], [[Paraguay]], [[Uruguay]], [[Argentina]] | [[South America]], [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]], [[Guyana]], [[Suriname]], [[French Guiana]], [[Ecuador]], [[Peru]], [[Bolivia]], [[Brazil]], [[Paraguay]], [[Uruguay]], [[Argentina]] | ||
| Line 32: | Line 32: | ||
As its name suggests they are normally seen singly during migration. Small numbers may gather in feeding areas. | As its name suggests they are normally seen singly during migration. Small numbers may gather in feeding areas. | ||
====Diet==== | ====Diet==== | ||
| − | The diet consists of small invertebrates, occasionally frogs. Feeds at pond edges. | + | The diet consists of small invertebrates, spiders, grasshoppers and occasionally frogs. Feeds at pond edges. |
====Breeding==== | ====Breeding==== | ||
| − | They utilise an abandoned songbird's tree nest, laying 3-5 eggs. | + | They often utilise an abandoned songbird's tree nest, laying 3-5 eggs. |
====Vocalisation==== | ====Vocalisation==== | ||
A three-note whistle is uttered in flight. | A three-note whistle is uttered in flight. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug19}}#Avibase |
| − | + | Van Gils, J., Wiersma, P. & Kirwan, G.M. (2019). Solitary Sandpiper (Tringa solitaria). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/53909 on 17 August 2019). | |
#Collins Field Guide 5th Edition | #Collins Field Guide 5th Edition | ||
#Collins Bird Guide ISBN 0 00 219728 6 | #Collins Bird Guide ISBN 0 00 219728 6 | ||
Revision as of 23:41, 17 August 2019
- Tringa solitaria
Identification
18-21 cm (7-8¼ in)
- Dark upperparts with whitish spots
- Greyish head and breast
- White underparts
- White eye-ring
Similar Species
Green Sandpiper, which has a white rump.
Distribution
North America: Canada, USA, Alaska
Central America: Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, El Salvador, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Bermuda
Caribbean: Greater Antilles, Lesser Antilles, Windward Islands, Leeward Islands, Bahamas, Cuba, Turks and Caicos Islands, Cayman Islands, Hispaniola, Haiti, Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico, Virgin Islands, Anguilla, Antigua, Barbuda, Guadeloupe, Dominica, Martinique, Barbados, Trinidad, Tobago, Netherlands Antilles
South America, Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina
Taxonomy
Subspecies
There are 2 subspecies[1]:
- T. s. solitaria (Eastern):
- Eastern British Columbia to Labrador; winters central and South America
- T. s. cinnamomea (Western):
- Alaska and western Canada; winters northern South America to Argentina
There seems to be a deep genetic divergence between eastern and western birds, which may in the future lead to a proposal for two full species.
Habitat
Fresh water marshes and ponds.
Behaviour
As its name suggests they are normally seen singly during migration. Small numbers may gather in feeding areas.
Diet
The diet consists of small invertebrates, spiders, grasshoppers and occasionally frogs. Feeds at pond edges.
Breeding
They often utilise an abandoned songbird's tree nest, laying 3-5 eggs.
Vocalisation
A three-note whistle is uttered in flight.
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2019. The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2019. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Avibase
Van Gils, J., Wiersma, P. & Kirwan, G.M. (2019). Solitary Sandpiper (Tringa solitaria). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/53909 on 17 August 2019).
- Collins Field Guide 5th Edition
- Collins Bird Guide ISBN 0 00 219728 6
- Paper describing genetic divergence within Solitary Sandpiper
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Solitary Sandpiper. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 10 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Solitary_Sandpiper
External Links
