Difference between revisions of "Rose-ringed Parakeet" - BirdForum Opus

Latest revision as of 21:04, 7 February 2023

Courting Pair Subspecies P. k. borealis
Photo © by Alok Tewari
Gurgaon Rural, Haryana, India, May-2018

Alternative Name: Ring-necked Parakeet

Psittacula krameri

Identification

Psittacula krameri manillensis, female
Photo © by surunair
Mumbai, India; February 2013

37–43 cm (14½-17 in)

Green plumage
Long tail, with blue-green central feathers and yellower side feathers
Red bill, often with black lower mandible

Male

Black neck-ring
Pink nape-band
Full plumage acquired in third year.

Female and immature both lack the neck rings, or show a shadow-like pale to dark grey neck-ring and a light nape-band^[3].

Distribution

Across northern sub-saharan Africa from Mauritania to Eritrea, and southern Asia, in Pakistan, India, Nepal, Burma, and Sri Lanka.

Feral populations widespread and increasing rapidly in Europe, southwest Asia, South Africa, Hawai'i, California, Florida and South America. Most are considered to be of the subspecies P. k. borealis although some may be of hybrid stock.

Taxonomy

Subspecies

Photo © by Sudhir bhokare
Kurundwad, India, February 2017

Four subspecies are accepted, only showing small differences^[1]^[2]:

P. k. krameri:

Mauritania to Senegal, Guinea, western Uganda and South Sudan. Bill with upper mandible red, lower black, in both sexes.

P. k. parvirostris:

Eastern Sudan (Sennar) to Eritrea, Ethiopia, Djibouti and north-western Somalia. As P. k. krameri but slightly darker and with more marked collar in males.

P. k. borealis:

Northern Pakistan, northern India, Nepal, south-western China, and central Myanmar. Bill all-red in male, upper mandible red, lower black, in female.

P. k. manillensis:

Southern peninsular India and Sri Lanka. Bill with upper mandible red, lower black, in both sexes.

Habitat

Psittacula krameri borealis, male (above), juvenile (below)
Photo © by SANJEEV
Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, March 2014

Open countryside with some trees including gardens and parks.

Behaviour

They can form very large flocks.

Breeding

Nests in holes in trees; usually lays 3-4 eggs, in late winter or early spring.

Diet

Diet includes fruit, nuts, berries, seeds, buds, and vegetables. Often considered a pest species causing damage to crops.

Vocalisation

A raucous screech. Particularly noisy in flight, but can also sit quietly in trees for long periods.

Recording by Alok Tewari
Urban Garden near residential apartment, Delhi, India, Sep.-2016

Gallery

Click images to see larger version

References

Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2017. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017, with updates to August 2017. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
Del Hoyo, J, A Elliot, and J Sargatal, eds. 1997. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 4: Sandgrouse to Cuckoos. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-8487334221
Birdforum thread discussing separating male, female and juvenile of this species.
Wikipedia

List of references

Recommended Citation

BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Rose-ringed Parakeet. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 23 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Rose-ringed_Parakeet

External Links

Search for photos of Rose-ringed Parakeet in the gallery

GSearch checked for 2020 platform.1

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-[[Image:Rose-ringed_Parakeet.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|Erwin+Driessens|Erwin Driessens}} <br/ >Frankendael, Amsterdam, [[Netherlands]]]]
+[[Image:rose-ringed_parakeet.png|thumb|550px|right|Courting Pair Subspecies ''P. k. borealis''<br />Photo &copy; by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br />Gurgaon Rural, Haryana, [[India]], May-2018]]
 '''Alternative Name: Ring-necked Parakeet'''
 ;[[:Category:Psittacula|Psittacula]] krameri
 ==Identification==
-cm<br />
+[[Image:Psittacula krameri by surunair.jpg|thumb|350px|right|''Psittacula krameri manillensis'', female<br />Photo &copy; by {{user|surunair|surunair}}<br />Mumbai, India; February 2013]]
+–43 cm (14½-17 in)<br />
 *Green plumage
-*Pink bill
+*Long tail, with blue-green central feathers and yellower side feathers
+*Red bill, often with black lower mandible
 '''Male'''<br />
 *Black neck-ring
 *Pink nape-band
-'''Female and immature'''  both lack the neck rings, or show a shadow-like pale to dark grey neck-ring and a light nape-band<sup>[[#References|[2]]]</sup>.
+*Full plumage acquired in third year.
+'''Female and immature'''  both lack the neck rings, or show a shadow-like pale to dark grey neck-ring and a light nape-band<sup>[[#References|[3]]]</sup>.
 ==Distribution==
-[[Africa]], [[Asia]] and [[India]].
+Across northern sub-saharan [[Africa]] from [[Mauritania]] to [[Eritrea]], and southern [[Asia]], in [[Pakistan]], [[India]], [[Nepal]], [[Burma]], and [[Sri Lanka]].
+Feral populations widespread and increasing rapidly in [[Europe]], southwest [[Asia]], [[South Africa]], [[Hawai'i]], [[California]], [[Florida]] and [[South America]]. Most are considered to be of the subspecies ''P. k. borealis'' although some may be of hybrid stock.
-Some feral populations in [[UK]], [[Europe]], [[North America|North]] and [[South America]].
 ==Taxonomy==
-[[Image:Parrot 2 Large .JPG|thumb|350px|right|Female<br />Photo by {{user|aniruddha|aniruddha}}<br />Karad, [[India]], March 2009]]
+====Subspecies====
-====Subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>====
+[[Image:IMG 20170222 070930.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Photo &copy; by {{user|Sudhir+bhokare|Sudhir bhokare}}<br />Kurundwad, [[India]], February 2017]]
+Four subspecies are accepted, only showing small differences<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup><sup>[[#References|[2]]]</sup>:
 *''P. k. krameri'':
-:*[[Mauritania]] to [[Senegal]], [[Guinea]], western [[Uganda]] and southern [[Sudan]]
+:*[[Mauritania]] to [[Senegal]], [[Guinea]], western [[Uganda]] and [[South Sudan]]. Bill with upper mandible red, lower black, in both sexes.
 *''P. k. parvirostris'':
-:*Eastern [[Sudan]] (Sennar) to [[Eritrea]], [[Ethiopia]], [[Djibouti]] and north-western [[Somalia]]
+:*Eastern [[Sudan]] (Sennar) to [[Eritrea]], [[Ethiopia]], [[Djibouti]] and north-western [[Somalia]]. As ''P. k. krameri'' but slightly darker and with more marked collar in males.
 *''P. k. borealis'':
-:*North-western [[Pakistan]] to northern [[India]], [[Nepal]], south-eastern [[China]] and central [[Myanmar]]
+:*Northern [[Pakistan]], northern [[India]], [[Nepal]], south-western [[China]], and central [[Myanmar]]. Bill all-red in male, upper mandible red, lower black, in female.
 *''P. k. manillensis'':
-:*Southern peninsula [[India]] and [[Sri Lanka]]
+:*Southern peninsular [[India]] and [[Sri Lanka]]. Bill with upper mandible red, lower black, in both sexes.
 ==Habitat==
+[[Image:Psittacula krameri by SANJEEV.jpg|thumb|350px|right|''Psittacula krameri borealis'', male (above), juvenile (below)<br />Photo &copy; by {{user|SANJEEV|SANJEEV}}<br />Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, [[India]], March 2014]]
 Open countryside with some trees including gardens and parks.
 ==Behaviour==
-[[Image:Parafly.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Photo by {{user|Andy+Bright|Andy Bright}}<br />[[Hertfordshire]], June 2007]]
+They can form very large flocks.
-They form very large flocks.
 ====Breeding====
-Tree-hole nesters.
+Nests in holes in trees; usually lays 3-4 eggs, in late winter or early spring.
 ====Diet====
-Diet includes buds, fruits, vegetables, nuts, berries and seeds.
+Diet includes fruit, nuts, berries, seeds, buds, and vegetables. Often considered a pest species causing damage to crops.
+====Vocalisation====
+A raucous screech. Particularly noisy in flight, but can also sit quietly in trees for long periods.<br />
+{{ Audio|rose-ringed_parakeet_alok.mp3 }}
+Recording by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br />
+Urban Garden near residential apartment, Delhi, [[India]], Sep.-2016
+==Gallery==
+Click images to see larger version
+<gallery>
+Image:Para4a.jpg|Juvenile<br />&copy; by {{user|ammadoux|ammadoux}}<br />North Jeddah, [[Saudi Arabia]], Dec-2017
+Image:Psittacula krameri by Joydip.jpg|Female ''P. k. borealis, well camouflaged<br />&copy; by {{user|Joydip|Joydip}}<br />Kolkata, [[India]], April-2014
+</gallery>
 ==References==
-#{{Ref-Clements6thDec08}}#[http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?t=155629 Birdforum] thread discussing separating male, female and juvenile of this species.
+#{{Ref-Clements6thAug17}}#{{Ref-HBWVol4}}#[http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?t=155629 Birdforum] thread discussing separating male, female and juvenile of this species.
 #Wikipedia
 {{ref}}
 ==External Links==
-{{GSearch|Psittacula+krameri}}
+{{GSearch|"Psittacula krameri" {{!}}  "Rose-ringed Parakeet" {{!}} "Ring-necked Parakeet"}}
+{{GS-checked}}1
+<br />
 <br />
-This link searches for videos titled Ring-necked Parakeet
-{{Video|Ring_necked_Parakeet}}
-[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Psittacula]] [[Category:Videos]]
+[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Psittacula]] [[Category:Bird Songs]]