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Aloktewari (talk | contribs) (Image of subspecies ''M. s. longirostris'') |
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| − | ;Monticola solitarius | + | [[Image:Blue rock thrush3.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Adult male ''M. s. solitarius''<br />Photo © by {{user|Scottishdude|Jamie MacArthur}}<br />[[Lesvos]], [[Greece]], April 2009]] |
| − | [[Image: | + | ;[[:Category:Monticola|Monticola]] solitarius |
| − | == | + | ==Identification== |
| + | [[Image:Femalebluerockthrush.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Adult female ''M. s. solitarius''<br />Photo © by {{user|Scottishdude|Jamie MacArthur}}<br />[[Lesvos]], [[Greece]], April 2009]] | ||
| + | 20–23 cm (7¾-9 in)<br /> | ||
| + | '''Male''' nominate | ||
| + | *Blue-grey plumage | ||
| + | *Darker wings and tail<br /> | ||
| + | '''Female''' variable and '''immature''' | ||
| + | *Dark brown upperparts | ||
| + | *Pale brown scaly underparts | ||
| + | ====Variations==== | ||
| + | Male of East Asian subspecies ''philippenis'' has chestnut underparts. Southeast Asian subspecies ''madoci'' small and short-tailed. | ||
| + | ==Distribution== | ||
| + | Southern [[Europe]], north-western [[Africa]] (wintering to north-eastern and central Africa), [[Siberia]] to central [[Asia]] to northern [[China]] and [[Malaysia]]. | ||
| + | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| + | ====Subspecies==== | ||
| + | [[Image:Blue_Rock_Thrush_Alok.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''M. s. longirostris'' Male in winter<br />Photo © by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br />Malshej Ghat, Sahyadri Mountains, District Thane, Maharashtra, [[India]], 30 December 2023]] | ||
| + | There are 5 subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | ||
| + | *''M. s. solitarius'': | ||
| + | :*Southern [[Europe]], north-western [[Africa]] and [[Middle East]]; winters to central [[Africa]] | ||
| + | *''M. s. longirostris'': | ||
| + | :*Northern [[Iraq]] and [[Iran]] to [[Pakistan]]; winters to northern [[India]] and north-eastern [[Africa]] | ||
| + | *''M. s. pandoo'': | ||
| + | :*Central [[Asia]] and [[Himalayas]]; winters to [[Malaysia]] and [[Indonesia]] | ||
| + | *''M. s. philippensis'': | ||
| + | :*South-eastern [[Siberia]] to [[China]], [[Japan]] and Lan-yü Island; winters to [[Indonesia]] | ||
| + | *''M. s. madoci'': | ||
| + | :*[[Malay Peninsula]] and [[Sumatra]] | ||
| + | ==Habitat== | ||
Fairly conspicuous on exposed rocky slopes, road cuts even through forests, open areas including parks, and along rocky streams and rivers (on wintering grounds). | Fairly conspicuous on exposed rocky slopes, road cuts even through forests, open areas including parks, and along rocky streams and rivers (on wintering grounds). | ||
| − | == | + | [[Image:Blue Rock Thrush Philippenis .JPG|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''philippenis''<br />Photo © by {{user|robby+thai|robby thai}}<br />Koh Chang Island, Ranong Province, [[Thailand]], 3 April 2014]] |
| − | + | ==Behaviour== | |
| − | == | + | ====Breeding==== |
| − | < | + | They nest on steep cliffs in rock cavities and walls. The clutch consists of 3-5 eggs. |
| − | ''[[ | + | ====Diet==== |
| + | The diet vertebrates, small vertebrates, insects and fruit. Insects include grasshoppers, locusts and crickets. | ||
| + | ====Vocalisation==== | ||
| + | [[Image:Blue rock thrush 4.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''philippensis'', Autumn male<br />Photo © by {{user|bievreJJ|bievreJJ}}<br />Hachijo-jima, Izu Islands, [[Japan]], 8 September 2012]] | ||
| + | {{ Audio|Monticola solitarius (song).mp3 }} | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | One subadult, perched on a steel bar, projecting from a tall overhead water supply tank, giving four/ five types of calls and song :<br /> | ||
| + | {{ Audio|Blue_Rock_Thrush_Alok.mp3 }}<br /> | ||
| + | Audio © by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br /> | ||
| + | Malshej Ghat ( Mountain Pass ), Sahayadri Range, Thane, Maharashtra, [[India]].<br /> | ||
| + | 30 December 2023 ... 3.57 pm | ||
| + | ==Gallery== | ||
| + | Click on photo for larger image | ||
| + | <gallery> | ||
| + | Image:1-S64A8702.JPG|Juvenile, subspecies ''longirostris'' <br />Photo © by {{user|max1|max1}}<br />Panna Nat.Park, C. [[India]], 10 February 2018]] | ||
| + | Image:Thrush Blue Rock.JPG|Fresh-plumaged, non-breeding male, subspecies ''pandoo''<br />Photo © by {{user|BKKBen |BKKBen }}<br />Phu Suan Sai NP, Loei, [[Thailand]], 4 October 2017 | ||
| + | </gallery> | ||
| + | ==References== | ||
| + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug18}}#[https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=41D76F4B19ACB4BD Avibase] | ||
| + | #Collar, N. (2019). Blue Rock-thrush (''Monticola solitarius''). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/58415 on 26 March 2019). | ||
| + | #Clement, P. & Hathway, R. (2000) Thrushes. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton. | ||
| + | {{ref}} | ||
| + | |||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| − | + | {{GSearch|"Monticola solitarius" {{!}} "Blue Rock Thrush"}} | |
| − | [[Category:Birds]] | + | <br /> |
| + | {{VSearch|"Monticola solitarius" {{!}} "Blue Rock Thrush"}} | ||
| + | {{GS-checked}} | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:Birds]][[Category:Monticola]][[Category:Bird Songs]][[Category:Videos]] | ||
Latest revision as of 06:22, 2 April 2024
- Monticola solitarius
Identification
20–23 cm (7¾-9 in)
Male nominate
- Blue-grey plumage
- Darker wings and tail
Female variable and immature
- Dark brown upperparts
- Pale brown scaly underparts
Variations
Male of East Asian subspecies philippenis has chestnut underparts. Southeast Asian subspecies madoci small and short-tailed.
Distribution
Southern Europe, north-western Africa (wintering to north-eastern and central Africa), Siberia to central Asia to northern China and Malaysia.
Taxonomy
Subspecies
Subspecies M. s. longirostris Male in winter
Photo © by Alok Tewari
Malshej Ghat, Sahyadri Mountains, District Thane, Maharashtra, India, 30 December 2023
Photo © by Alok Tewari
Malshej Ghat, Sahyadri Mountains, District Thane, Maharashtra, India, 30 December 2023
There are 5 subspecies[1]:
- M. s. solitarius:
- Southern Europe, north-western Africa and Middle East; winters to central Africa
- M. s. longirostris:
- M. s. pandoo:
- M. s. philippensis:
- M. s. madoci:
Habitat
Fairly conspicuous on exposed rocky slopes, road cuts even through forests, open areas including parks, and along rocky streams and rivers (on wintering grounds).
Subspecies philippenis
Photo © by robby thai
Koh Chang Island, Ranong Province, Thailand, 3 April 2014
Photo © by robby thai
Koh Chang Island, Ranong Province, Thailand, 3 April 2014
Behaviour
Breeding
They nest on steep cliffs in rock cavities and walls. The clutch consists of 3-5 eggs.
Diet
The diet vertebrates, small vertebrates, insects and fruit. Insects include grasshoppers, locusts and crickets.
Vocalisation
One subadult, perched on a steel bar, projecting from a tall overhead water supply tank, giving four/ five types of calls and song :
Audio © by Alok Tewari
Malshej Ghat ( Mountain Pass ), Sahayadri Range, Thane, Maharashtra, India.
30 December 2023 ... 3.57 pm
Gallery
Click on photo for larger image
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2018. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2018. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Avibase
- Collar, N. (2019). Blue Rock-thrush (Monticola solitarius). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/58415 on 26 March 2019).
- Clement, P. & Hathway, R. (2000) Thrushes. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton.
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Blue Rock Thrush. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 2 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Blue_Rock_Thrush
External Links
GSearch checked for 2020 platform.
