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[[Image:Piura Hemispingus.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Subspecies ''piurae''<br /> Photo by {{user|Stanley+Jones|Stanley Jones}} <br />Utuana Reserve, Lojas Reserve, [[Ecuador]], November 2014]] | [[Image:Piura Hemispingus.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Subspecies ''piurae''<br /> Photo by {{user|Stanley+Jones|Stanley Jones}} <br />Utuana Reserve, Lojas Reserve, [[Ecuador]], November 2014]] | ||
| − | |||
'''Inludes: Piura Hemispingus, Western Hemispingus''' | '''Inludes: Piura Hemispingus, Western Hemispingus''' | ||
| + | ;[[:Category:Sphenopsis|Sphenopsis]] melanotis | ||
| + | ''Hemispingus melanotis'' | ||
| + | |||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
13–14 cm; Variable species.<br /> | 13–14 cm; Variable species.<br /> | ||
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[[South America]]: found in [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]], [[Ecuador]], [[Peru]], and [[Bolivia]] | [[South America]]: found in [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]], [[Ecuador]], [[Peru]], and [[Bolivia]] | ||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| + | In the past this species was placed in the genus ''[[: Category:Hemispingus|Hemispingus]]''. | ||
====Subspecies==== | ====Subspecies==== | ||
Around six subspecies recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | Around six subspecies recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | ||
| − | *'' | + | *''S. m. melanotis'': |
:*Andes of [[Colombia]] to south-western [[Venezuela]] and eastern [[Ecuador]] | :*Andes of [[Colombia]] to south-western [[Venezuela]] and eastern [[Ecuador]] | ||
| − | *'' | + | *''S. m. berlepschi'': |
| − | :* | + | :*East slope of the Andes of northern and central [[Peru]] (from south of the Marañón to the Urubamba Valley in Cuzco) |
| − | *'' | + | *''S. m. castaneicollis'': |
| − | :* | + | :*East slope of the Andes of southeastern [[Peru]] (southeastern Cuzco and Puno) and [[Bolivia]] (south to western Santa Cruz) |
| − | + | *''S. m. ochraceus'': | |
| − | |||
| − | *'' | ||
:*Western slope of Andes of south-western [[Colombia]] (Nariño) and western [[Ecuador]] | :*Western slope of Andes of south-western [[Colombia]] (Nariño) and western [[Ecuador]] | ||
| − | *'' | + | *''S. m. piurae'': |
:*Locally in Andes of extreme south-western [[Ecuador]] and north-western [[Peru]] (Piura) | :*Locally in Andes of extreme south-western [[Ecuador]] and north-western [[Peru]] (Piura) | ||
| + | *''S. m. macrophrys'': | ||
| + | :*Pacific slope of Andes of western [[Peru]] (La Libertad) | ||
| − | '' | + | ''S. ochraceus'' is sometimes considered a [[Dictionary_M-O#M|monotypic]] full species, '''Western Hemispingus'''.<br /> |
| − | + | ''S. piurae'' together with ''macrophrys'' is sometimes considered a full species, '''Piura Hemispingus'''. | |
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
Undergrowth in a variety of wet to very wet forests at mid elevation. Observed at heights around 2,300 m. | Undergrowth in a variety of wet to very wet forests at mid elevation. Observed at heights around 2,300 m. | ||
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Often with mixed species flocks while feeding for both insects and seeds. Occasionally fruit is eaten too. | Often with mixed species flocks while feeding for both insects and seeds. Occasionally fruit is eaten too. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug19}}#Avibase |
#Restall et al. 2006. Birds of Northern South America. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300124156 | #Restall et al. 2006. Birds of Northern South America. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300124156 | ||
#Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved March 2015) | #Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved March 2015) | ||
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{{ref}} | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| − | {{GSearch| | + | {{GSearch|Sphenopsis+melanotis}} |
| − | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category: | + | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Sphenopsis]] |
Revision as of 01:13, 11 August 2021
Inludes: Piura Hemispingus, Western Hemispingus
- Sphenopsis melanotis
Hemispingus melanotis
Identification
13–14 cm; Variable species.
The different subspecies vary in presence vs absence of white supercilium and black vs pale throat. Uppersides are generally blueish-gray to olive (sometimes with darker crown), undersides buff to rufous-cinnamon, and sides of head black.
Distribution
South America: found in Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia
Taxonomy
In the past this species was placed in the genus Hemispingus.
Subspecies
Around six subspecies recognized[1]:
- S. m. melanotis:
- S. m. berlepschi:
- East slope of the Andes of northern and central Peru (from south of the Marañón to the Urubamba Valley in Cuzco)
- S. m. castaneicollis:
- S. m. ochraceus:
- S. m. piurae:
- S. m. macrophrys:
- Pacific slope of Andes of western Peru (La Libertad)
S. ochraceus is sometimes considered a monotypic full species, Western Hemispingus.
S. piurae together with macrophrys is sometimes considered a full species, Piura Hemispingus.
Habitat
Undergrowth in a variety of wet to very wet forests at mid elevation. Observed at heights around 2,300 m.
Behaviour
Diet
Often with mixed species flocks while feeding for both insects and seeds. Occasionally fruit is eaten too.
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2019. The eBird/Clements Checklist of Birds of the World: v2019. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Avibase
- Restall et al. 2006. Birds of Northern South America. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300124156
- Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved March 2015)
- Wikipedia
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Black-eared Hemispingus. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 6 October 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Black-eared_Hemispingus
