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− | [[Image:Blue rock thrush3.jpg|thumb|550px|right| | + | [[Image:Blue rock thrush3.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Adult male ''M. s. solitarius''<br />Photo © by {{user|Scottishdude|Jamie MacArthur}}<br />[[Lesvos]], [[Greece]], April 2009]] |
;[[:Category:Monticola|Monticola]] solitarius | ;[[:Category:Monticola|Monticola]] solitarius | ||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
− | + | [[Image:Femalebluerockthrush.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Adult female ''M. s. solitarius''<br />Photo © by {{user|Scottishdude|Jamie MacArthur}}<br />[[Lesvos]], [[Greece]], April 2009]] | |
− | *Blue-grey plumage | + | 20–23 cm (7¾-9 in)<br /> |
− | * | + | '''Male''' nominate |
− | '''Female''' and '''immature''' | + | *Blue-grey plumage |
+ | *Darker wings and tail<br /> | ||
+ | '''Female''' variable and '''immature''' | ||
*Dark brown upperparts | *Dark brown upperparts | ||
*Pale brown scaly underparts | *Pale brown scaly underparts | ||
− | + | ====Variations==== | |
+ | Male of East Asian subspecies ''philippenis'' has chestnut underparts. Southeast Asian subspecies ''madoci'' small and short-tailed. | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
Southern [[Europe]], north-western [[Africa]] (wintering to north-eastern and central Africa), [[Siberia]] to central [[Asia]] to northern [[China]] and [[Malaysia]]. | Southern [[Europe]], north-western [[Africa]] (wintering to north-eastern and central Africa), [[Siberia]] to central [[Asia]] to northern [[China]] and [[Malaysia]]. | ||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
====Subspecies==== | ====Subspecies==== | ||
+ | [[Image:Blue_Rock_Thrush_Alok.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''M. s. longirostris'' Male in winter<br />Photo © by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br />Malshej Ghat, Sahyadri Mountains, District Thane, Maharashtra, [[India]], 30 December 2023]] | ||
There are 5 subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | There are 5 subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | ||
*''M. s. solitarius'': | *''M. s. solitarius'': | ||
Line 25: | Line 29: | ||
:*[[Malay Peninsula]] and [[Sumatra]] | :*[[Malay Peninsula]] and [[Sumatra]] | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
− | |||
Fairly conspicuous on exposed rocky slopes, road cuts even through forests, open areas including parks, and along rocky streams and rivers (on wintering grounds). | Fairly conspicuous on exposed rocky slopes, road cuts even through forests, open areas including parks, and along rocky streams and rivers (on wintering grounds). | ||
+ | [[Image:Blue Rock Thrush Philippenis .JPG|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''philippenis''<br />Photo © by {{user|robby+thai|robby thai}}<br />Koh Chang Island, Ranong Province, [[Thailand]], 3 April 2014]] | ||
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
====Breeding==== | ====Breeding==== | ||
− | + | They nest on steep cliffs in rock cavities and walls. The clutch consists of 3-5 eggs. | |
====Diet==== | ====Diet==== | ||
− | The diet | + | The diet vertebrates, small vertebrates, insects and fruit. Insects include grasshoppers, locusts and crickets. |
====Vocalisation==== | ====Vocalisation==== | ||
− | < | + | [[Image:Blue rock thrush 4.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''philippensis'', Autumn male<br />Photo © by {{user|bievreJJ|bievreJJ}}<br />Hachijo-jima, Izu Islands, [[Japan]], 8 September 2012]] |
− | ''[[ | + | {{ Audio|Monticola solitarius (song).mp3 }} |
+ | <br /> | ||
+ | One subadult, perched on a steel bar, projecting from a tall overhead water supply tank, giving four/ five types of calls and song :<br /> | ||
+ | {{ Audio|Blue_Rock_Thrush_Alok.mp3 }}<br /> | ||
+ | Audio © by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br /> | ||
+ | Malshej Ghat ( Mountain Pass ), Sahayadri Range, Thane, Maharashtra, [[India]].<br /> | ||
+ | 30 December 2023 ... 3.57 pm | ||
+ | ==Gallery== | ||
+ | Click on photo for larger image | ||
+ | <gallery> | ||
+ | Image:1-S64A8702.JPG|Juvenile, subspecies ''longirostris'' <br />Photo © by {{user|max1|max1}}<br />Panna Nat.Park, C. [[India]], 10 February 2018]] | ||
+ | Image:Thrush Blue Rock.JPG|Fresh-plumaged, non-breeding male, subspecies ''pandoo''<br />Photo © by {{user|BKKBen |BKKBen }}<br />Phu Suan Sai NP, Loei, [[Thailand]], 4 October 2017 | ||
+ | </gallery> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
− | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug18}}#[https://avibase.bsc-eoc.org/species.jsp?avibaseid=41D76F4B19ACB4BD Avibase] |
− | # | + | #Collar, N. (2019). Blue Rock-thrush (''Monticola solitarius''). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/58415 on 26 March 2019). |
+ | #Clement, P. & Hathway, R. (2000) Thrushes. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton. | ||
{{ref}} | {{ref}} | ||
+ | |||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
− | {{GSearch|Monticola | + | {{GSearch|"Monticola solitarius" {{!}} "Blue Rock Thrush"}} |
+ | <br /> | ||
+ | {{VSearch|"Monticola solitarius" {{!}} "Blue Rock Thrush"}} | ||
+ | {{GS-checked}} | ||
+ | <br /> | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
− | + | ||
− | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Monticola]] [[Category:Bird Songs]] [[Category:Videos]] | + | [[Category:Birds]][[Category:Monticola]][[Category:Bird Songs]][[Category:Videos]] |
Latest revision as of 06:22, 2 April 2024
- Monticola solitarius
Identification
20–23 cm (7¾-9 in)
Male nominate
- Blue-grey plumage
- Darker wings and tail
Female variable and immature
- Dark brown upperparts
- Pale brown scaly underparts
Variations
Male of East Asian subspecies philippenis has chestnut underparts. Southeast Asian subspecies madoci small and short-tailed.
Distribution
Southern Europe, north-western Africa (wintering to north-eastern and central Africa), Siberia to central Asia to northern China and Malaysia.
Taxonomy
Subspecies
There are 5 subspecies[1]:
- M. s. solitarius:
- Southern Europe, north-western Africa and Middle East; winters to central Africa
- M. s. longirostris:
- M. s. pandoo:
- M. s. philippensis:
- M. s. madoci:
Habitat
Fairly conspicuous on exposed rocky slopes, road cuts even through forests, open areas including parks, and along rocky streams and rivers (on wintering grounds).
Behaviour
Breeding
They nest on steep cliffs in rock cavities and walls. The clutch consists of 3-5 eggs.
Diet
The diet vertebrates, small vertebrates, insects and fruit. Insects include grasshoppers, locusts and crickets.
Vocalisation
One subadult, perched on a steel bar, projecting from a tall overhead water supply tank, giving four/ five types of calls and song :
Audio © by Alok Tewari
Malshej Ghat ( Mountain Pass ), Sahayadri Range, Thane, Maharashtra, India.
30 December 2023 ... 3.57 pm
Gallery
Click on photo for larger image
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2018. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2018. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Avibase
- Collar, N. (2019). Blue Rock-thrush (Monticola solitarius). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/58415 on 26 March 2019).
- Clement, P. & Hathway, R. (2000) Thrushes. Princeton Univ. Press, Princeton.
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Blue Rock Thrush. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 23 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Blue_Rock_Thrush
External Links
GSearch checked for 2020 platform.