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Difference between revisions of "Guadalupe Murrelet" - BirdForum Opus

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;Synthliboramphus hypoleucus
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[[Image:070908 Xantus's Murrelet 6588.jpg|thumb|500px|right|Photo by {{user|Glen+Tepke|Glen Tepke}}<br /> Pacific southwest of Santa Barbara, [[California]], [[USA]], September 2007]]
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;[[:Category:Synthliboramphus|Synthliboramphus]] hypoleucus
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==Identification==
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Length 9-9¾ inches (23–25 cm), wingspan 15 inches (38 cm)<br />
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*Slender black bill
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*Black upperparts with greyish tinge
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====Similar Species====
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Distinguished from two other murrelets in range, [[Craveri's Murrelet|Craveri's]] and [[Marbled Murrelet|Marbled]], by white wing linings, shorter bill and less black on face than Craveri's, longer bill and more solidly black upperparts than Marbled.
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The white crescent in front of and above eye distinguish this species from [[Scripps's Murrelet]].
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==Distribution==
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Nests on Los Coronados, Guadalupe, and San Benito islands off the coast of [[Baja California]], [[Mexico]].
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Outside of the breeding season, it ranges along the continental shelf from Baja California north, frequently to northern California and more rarely to [[British Columbia]].
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==Taxonomy==
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This is a [[Dictionary_M-O#M|monotypic]] species.<br />
  
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[[Image:Xantuss_Murrelet.jpg|thumb|500px|right|Photo by Glen Tepke<br />Photo Photo is of the northern subspecies, S. h. scrippsi.]]
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It was formerly considered conspecific with [[Scripps's Murrelet]] under the name [[Xantus's Murrelet]].
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==Description==
 
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This uncommon little alcid breeds on islands off southern California and Baja Mexico and ranges north offshore after the breeding season, occasionally as far as British Columbia. It is rated Vulnerable to extinction by Birdlife International:
 
  
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http://www.birdlife.net/datazone/search/species_search.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=3311&m=0
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==Habitat==
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Nests on arid, rocky islands; otherwise pelagic in warm waters.    Rarely seen from shore.
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==Behaviour==
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====Diet====
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The diet consists of fish larva and other small items, such as anchovy and krill.
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====Breeding====
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They nest in small crevices or under thick bushes on dry islands in loose scattered colonies.  The adults only visit the nest at night. The clutch consists of 1-2 eggs which are incubated for about a month. The chicks leave the nest two days after hatching joining up with the adults on the water.
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==References==
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#{{Ref-Clements6thAug15}}#Avibase
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#[http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?p=2250937 Birdforum thread] discussing the taxonomy of this species and the proposed split
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#Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved January 2016)
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#Neotropical birds
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#Wikipedia
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{{ref}}
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==External Links==
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With a populations estimated to total only 5,600 birds and a very small breeding range, Xantus's Murrelet is considered to be at high risk of extinction on several bird conservation lists:
  
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and is on the Audubon Watch List:
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BirdLife International: Vulnerable - http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=3311&m=0
  
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http://audubon2.org/webapp/watchlist/viewSpecies.jsp?id=224
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Audubon WatchList 2007: Red - http://web1.audubon.org/science/species/watchlist/profile.php?speciesCode=xanmur
  
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Photo is of the northern subspecies, S. h. scrippsi, which some taxonomists consider a separate species, Scripps's Murrelet (S. scrippsi). Nominate southern subspecies has white crescent in front of and above eye.
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American Bird Conservancy WatchList 2007: Red - http://www.abcbirds.org/abcprograms/science/watchlist/xantus_murrelet.html
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U.S. Endangered Species Act: Candidate - http://ecos.fws.gov/species_profile/servlet/gov.doi.species_profile.servlets.SpeciesProfile?spcode=B098
  
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==Identification==
 
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Length 9.75 inches (25 cm), wingspan 15 inches (38 cm).  Distinguished from two other murrelets in range, Craveri's and Marbled, by white wing linings, shorter bill and less black on face than Craveri's, longer bill and more solid black upperparts than Marbled.
 
  
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==External Links==
 
 
{{GSearch|Synthliboramphus+hypoleucus}}
 
{{GSearch|Synthliboramphus+hypoleucus}}
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[[Category:Birds]]
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[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Synthliboramphus]]

Latest revision as of 22:35, 25 January 2016

Photo by Glen Tepke
Pacific southwest of Santa Barbara, California, USA, September 2007
Synthliboramphus hypoleucus

Identification

Length 9-9¾ inches (23–25 cm), wingspan 15 inches (38 cm)

  • Slender black bill
  • Black upperparts with greyish tinge

Similar Species

Distinguished from two other murrelets in range, Craveri's and Marbled, by white wing linings, shorter bill and less black on face than Craveri's, longer bill and more solidly black upperparts than Marbled. The white crescent in front of and above eye distinguish this species from Scripps's Murrelet.

Distribution

Nests on Los Coronados, Guadalupe, and San Benito islands off the coast of Baja California, Mexico.

Outside of the breeding season, it ranges along the continental shelf from Baja California north, frequently to northern California and more rarely to British Columbia.

Taxonomy

This is a monotypic species.

It was formerly considered conspecific with Scripps's Murrelet under the name Xantus's Murrelet.

Habitat

Nests on arid, rocky islands; otherwise pelagic in warm waters. Rarely seen from shore.

Behaviour

Diet

The diet consists of fish larva and other small items, such as anchovy and krill.

Breeding

They nest in small crevices or under thick bushes on dry islands in loose scattered colonies. The adults only visit the nest at night. The clutch consists of 1-2 eggs which are incubated for about a month. The chicks leave the nest two days after hatching joining up with the adults on the water.

References

  1. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2015. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2015, with updates to August 2015. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
  2. Avibase
  3. Birdforum thread discussing the taxonomy of this species and the proposed split
  4. Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved January 2016)
  5. Neotropical birds
  6. Wikipedia

Recommended Citation

External Links

With a populations estimated to total only 5,600 birds and a very small breeding range, Xantus's Murrelet is considered to be at high risk of extinction on several bird conservation lists:

BirdLife International: Vulnerable - http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/species/index.html?action=SpcHTMDetails.asp&sid=3311&m=0

Audubon WatchList 2007: Red - http://web1.audubon.org/science/species/watchlist/profile.php?speciesCode=xanmur

American Bird Conservancy WatchList 2007: Red - http://www.abcbirds.org/abcprograms/science/watchlist/xantus_murrelet.html

U.S. Endangered Species Act: Candidate - http://ecos.fws.gov/species_profile/servlet/gov.doi.species_profile.servlets.SpeciesProfile?spcode=B098


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