White-crowned Forktail - BirdForum Opus

Photo by paux
Shaanxi, China, May 2011

Enicurus leschenaulti

Includes: Malayan Forktail, Javan Forktail

Identification

28cm

• Black mantle and breast
• White from bill to nape
• Dark wings
• White wing bar,
• Black and white banded tail
• White rump and abdomen
• Pinkish legs
• Black bill

Distribution

Juvenile
Photo by Karim Madoya
Kinabalu National Park, Malaysia, July 2008

Asia: found in China and India
Southeast Asia: Indochina, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Malay Peninsula, Borneo, Indonesia, Greater Sundas, Sumatra, Java, Lesser Sundas and Bali.

Taxonomy

Bornean Forktail was formerly included in this species.

Subspecies

Clements recognizes five subspecies[1].

• E. l. indicus:

• Himalayas of north-eastern India to Myanmar, northern Thailand and Indochina

• E. l. sinensis:

• Western and southern China; Hainan

• E. l. frontalis:

• Malaysia, Sumatra, Nias Island. and lowlands of Borneo

• E. l. chaseni:

• Tanahmasa Island (Batu Islands off western Sumatra)

• E. l. leschenaulti:

• Java and Bali

Habitat

Montane forest floor along fast running streams. Where overlapping with Bornean Forktail, found at lower (but overlapping) elevations than that species.

Behaviour

Diet

The diet includes aquatic insects and their larvae.

Breeding

Breeding takes place between April–June. The nest is built from moss, leaves and rootlets, in overgrown bank, rocks or boulders. The clutch consists of 3-4 eggs.

References

1. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2022. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2022. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
2. Gill, F, D Donsker, and P Rasmussen (Eds). 2023. IOC World Bird List (v 13.2). Doi 10.14344/IOC.ML.13.2. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/
3. Eaton, JA, B van Balen, NW Brickle, FE Rheindt 2021. Birds of the Indonesian Archipelago (Greater Sundas and Wallacea), Second Edition. Lynx Editions. ISBN978-84-16728-44-2
4. Avibase

• List of references

Recommended Citation

• BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) White-crowned Forktail. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 26 April 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/White-crowned_Forktail

External Links

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