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| − | [[Image:Black_Bittern.jpg|thumb| | + | [[Image:Black_Bittern.jpg|thumb|400px|right|Photo © by {{user|Neil|Neil Fifer}}<br />Near Sydney, [[Australia]]]] |
| − | ;[[:Category: | + | ;[[:Category:Ixobrychus|Ixobrychus]] flavicollis |
| − | '' | + | ''Dupetor flavicollis'' |
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
| + | [[Image:10256IMG 4098-800x600.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Female<br />Photo © by {{user|Romy+Ocon|Romy Ocon}}<br />Candaba wetlands, Pampanga province, [[Philippines]], December 2006]] | ||
| + | 54–66 cm (21¼-26 in)<br /> | ||
'''Adult''' | '''Adult''' | ||
| − | |||
*Black above | *Black above | ||
*Yellow neck sides | *Yellow neck sides | ||
*Whitish undersides are heavily streaked with brown | *Whitish undersides are heavily streaked with brown | ||
*Longish neck | *Longish neck | ||
| − | *Long yellow | + | *Long yellow bill<br /> |
| + | '''Female''': is not so dark as the male, and is yellower on the underparts<br /> | ||
'''Juvenile''' dark brown rather than black, otherwise similar to the adult | '''Juvenile''' dark brown rather than black, otherwise similar to the adult | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | Tropical [[Asia]] to[[ Australia]]. Breeds from south-east [[Pakistan]], throughout [[India]] to [[Sri Lanka]] and in western [[Burma]], southern [[China]] and Hainan, the [[Philippines]], southern [[Thailand]] and [[Indochina]], southern [[Malaya]], [[Sumatra]], [[Java]] and [[Timor]]. Also occurs in southern [[New Guinea]], the [[Bismarck Archipelago]] and [[Solomon Islands]] and in coastal western, northern and eastern [[Australia]]. | + | Tropical [[Asia]] to[[ Australia]].<br /> |
| + | Breeds from south-east [[Pakistan]], throughout [[India]] to [[Sri Lanka]] and in western [[Burma]], southern [[China]] and Hainan, the [[Philippines]], southern [[Thailand]] and [[Indochina]], southern [[Malaya]], [[Sumatra]], [[Java]] and [[Timor]]. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Also occurs in southern [[New Guinea]], the [[Bismarck Archipelago]] and [[Solomon Islands]] and in coastal western, northern and eastern [[Australia]]. | ||
Chinese birds are migratory and winter in [[Malaysia]] and [[Indonesia]] but elsewhere this species appears to undergo dispersal governed by rains. | Chinese birds are migratory and winter in [[Malaysia]] and [[Indonesia]] but elsewhere this species appears to undergo dispersal governed by rains. | ||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| − | Some authorities place this species in the genus [[:Category: | + | Some authorities place this species in the genus [[:Category:Dupetor|Dupetor]]. |
| − | + | ====Subspecies==== | |
| − | '' | + | [[Image:Blackbittern2.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Juvenile<br />Photo © by {{user|Weiss1|Weiss1}}<br />Daintree River, [[Queensland]], [[Australia]], February 2010]] |
| − | *'' | + | ''Ixobrychus flavicollis'' has three subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: |
| + | *''I. f. flavicollis'': | ||
:*[[India]] and South-eastern [[Asia]] to [[Indonesia]] and [[Philippines]] | :*[[India]] and South-eastern [[Asia]] to [[Indonesia]] and [[Philippines]] | ||
| − | *'' | + | *''I. f. australis'': |
:*[[Moluccas]], [[New Guinea]] and Bismarck Archipelago to west, north and eastern [[Australia]] | :*[[Moluccas]], [[New Guinea]] and Bismarck Archipelago to west, north and eastern [[Australia]] | ||
| − | *'' | + | *''I. f. woodfordi'': |
:*Solomon Islands | :*Solomon Islands | ||
| − | |||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
| − | Densely vegetated margins of lakes and ponds, forest swamps and riverbanks. | + | Densely vegetated margins of lakes and ponds, forest swamps and riverbanks, rice fields and mangroves. |
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
Often nocturnal. | Often nocturnal. | ||
====Breeding==== | ====Breeding==== | ||
| − | + | [[Image:23390582145 a44274de6b c.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Photo © by {{user|SeeToh|SeeToh}}<br />Tuas South, [[Singapore]], November 2015]] | |
| + | The stick nest is made on a branch overhanging water; it is lined with reeds. Both adults incubate the 3 to 5 eggs and rear the young. | ||
====Diet==== | ====Diet==== | ||
The diet includes frogs, reptiles, fish and invertebrates, snails, dragonflies, shrimps and crayfish. | The diet includes frogs, reptiles, fish and invertebrates, snails, dragonflies, shrimps and crayfish. | ||
====Vocalisation==== | ====Vocalisation==== | ||
A booming call. | A booming call. | ||
| + | ==Gallery== | ||
| + | Click images to see larger version | ||
| + | <gallery> | ||
| + | Image:black_bittern_alok.JPG|Male : Ssp. ''flavicollis'' <br />© by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br />[[Bharatpur Keoladeo National Park|Keoladeo National Park]], [[India]], Jan-2013 | ||
| + | </gallery> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug17}}#BF Member observations |
| + | #NSW Gov.au | ||
| + | #Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved November 2015) | ||
| + | #Wikipedia | ||
{{ref}} | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| − | {{GSearch|Bittern | + | {{GSearch|"Ixobrychus flavicollis" {{!}} "Dupetor flavicollis" {{!}} "Black Bittern"}} |
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | {{VSearch|"Ixobrychus flavicollis" {{!}} "Dupetor flavicollis" {{!}} "Black Bittern"}} | ||
| + | |||
| + | {{GS-checked}}1 | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| − | [[Category:Birds]][[Category:Ixobrychus]] [[Category:Dupetor]] | + | [[Category:Birds]][[Category:Ixobrychus]] [[Category:Dupetor]][[Category:Videos]] |
Latest revision as of 17:40, 13 January 2024
- Ixobrychus flavicollis
Dupetor flavicollis
Identification
54–66 cm (21¼-26 in)
Adult
- Black above
- Yellow neck sides
- Whitish undersides are heavily streaked with brown
- Longish neck
- Long yellow bill
Female: is not so dark as the male, and is yellower on the underparts
Juvenile dark brown rather than black, otherwise similar to the adult
Distribution
Tropical Asia toAustralia.
Breeds from south-east Pakistan, throughout India to Sri Lanka and in western Burma, southern China and Hainan, the Philippines, southern Thailand and Indochina, southern Malaya, Sumatra, Java and Timor.
Also occurs in southern New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago and Solomon Islands and in coastal western, northern and eastern Australia.
Chinese birds are migratory and winter in Malaysia and Indonesia but elsewhere this species appears to undergo dispersal governed by rains.
Taxonomy
Some authorities place this species in the genus Dupetor.
Subspecies
Ixobrychus flavicollis has three subspecies[1]:
- I. f. flavicollis:
- India and South-eastern Asia to Indonesia and Philippines
- I. f. australis:
- Moluccas, New Guinea and Bismarck Archipelago to west, north and eastern Australia
- I. f. woodfordi:
- Solomon Islands
Habitat
Densely vegetated margins of lakes and ponds, forest swamps and riverbanks, rice fields and mangroves.
Behaviour
Often nocturnal.
Breeding
The stick nest is made on a branch overhanging water; it is lined with reeds. Both adults incubate the 3 to 5 eggs and rear the young.
Diet
The diet includes frogs, reptiles, fish and invertebrates, snails, dragonflies, shrimps and crayfish.
Vocalisation
A booming call.
Gallery
Click images to see larger version
Male : Ssp. flavicollis
© by Alok Tewari
Keoladeo National Park, India, Jan-2013
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2017. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017, with updates to August 2017. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- BF Member observations
- NSW Gov.au
- Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved November 2015)
- Wikipedia
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Black Bittern. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 12 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Black_Bittern
External Links
GSearch checked for 2020 platform.1
