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Difference between revisions of "Andean Duck" - BirdForum Opus

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[[Image:31912DSC 1417PSforum.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Male<br >Photo by {{user|Sussex+bird+man|Sussex bird man}}<br />Laguna Nimez, [[Argentina]], November 2006]]
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[[Image:31912DSC 1417PSforum.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Male<br >Photo &copy; by {{user|Sussex+bird+man|Sussex bird man}}<br />Laguna Nimez, [[Argentina]], November 2006]]
 
;[[:Category:Oxyura|Oxyura]] ferruginea
 
;[[:Category:Oxyura|Oxyura]] ferruginea
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
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'''Male''' has mostly chestnut body with white belly and black head with bright blue bill with a slight bump over the nostril in the southern ''ferruginea'' population. In the northern ''andina'' population, the head varies from black to having a lot of white, with many different intermediates known. '''Female''' is mostly brownish and has a head with dark crown to under eye, and one additional darker stripe below; in non-breeding plumage, both sexes has a single white(ish) stripe across face.  
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Length 35–43 cm, wingspan 53-62 cm, weight 310-800 g<br />
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A small diving duck. Compact body with large head and stiff tail often cocked up, give it a very distinctive shape. Wings plain dark brown in all ages and seasons.
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[[Image:RuddyDuckIMG 9670.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Female<br /> Photo &copy; by {{user|jmorlan|Joseph Morlan}}<br />Río Lurín-- Desembocadura, Lima, [[Peru]], 13 December 2017]]
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'''Breeding male'''
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*Striking blue bill
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*Black head
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*Red-brown body
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'''Non-breeding male'''
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*Grey-brown body
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*Head much as summer male but slightly duller
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'''Female'''
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*Dull brown
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*Blended face pattern lacking distinct stripes
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'''Juvenile'''
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*Very similar to female.
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==Distribution==
 
==Distribution==
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[[South America]]: found in [[Colombia]], [[Ecuador]], [[Peru]], [[Bolivia]], [[Argentina]], and [[Chile]].
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[[South America]]: Andes from [[Colombia]] south to [[Argentina]] and [[Chile]].
 +
 
 
==Taxonomy==
 
==Taxonomy==
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Considered monotypic by Clements<sup>[[#References|1]]</sup>, but some recent field guides believe two subspecies exists: ''ferruginea'', and ''andina''.
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Closely related to the other "stifftails" of the genus ''[[:Category:Oxyura|Oxyura]]'' and formerly treated conspecific with [[Ruddy Duck]].
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Some sources still consider Andean Duck a subspecies of [[Ruddy Duck]] ''Oxyura jamaicensis''.<sup>[[#References|2]]</sup>
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[[Image:Andean_Duck.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Female<br />Photo by {{user|Robert+Scanlon|Robert Scanlon}}<br />Bogota, [[Colombia]], January 2004]]
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====Subspecies====
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Two subspecies are accepted<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>:
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*''O. f. andina'':
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:*Lakes and marshes of Central and Eastern Andes of [[Colombia]]. Intermediate (possibly hybrid<sup>[[#References|[3]]]</sup>) between ''O. jamaicensis'' and ''O. a. ferruginea'', with cheeks patchy black.
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*''O. f. ferruginea'':
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:*Locally from Andes of south [[Colombia]] to south [[Argentina]] and south [[Chile]].
 +
 
 
==Habitat==
 
==Habitat==
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Lakes, pools and marshes.
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Marshes, ponds and lakes with areas of open water and emergent vegetation.
 
==Behaviour==
 
==Behaviour==
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====Action====
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Dives to feed. Often sinks low in water before diving or even sinks completely to feed without diving.<br />
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Rarely seen on land as it walks poorly. They are not often seen in flight.<br />
 
It cocks the tail much of the time. Except when on the nest spends much time on open water or diving for food.  
 
It cocks the tail much of the time. Except when on the nest spends much time on open water or diving for food.  
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====Diet====
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A diving duck.<br />
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Their diet consists of aquatic insects, molluscs, crustaceans and worms. Also aquatic plant seeds.
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====Breeding====
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Breeding season varies through range, breeds all year in the tropics.<br />
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A seasonally [[Dictionary_M-O#M|monogamous]] species. The nest is a bowl made of dead vegetation on ground or on water, hidden in dense vegetation. Lays 6 to 10 eggs.
 
==References==
 
==References==
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#{{Ref-Clements6thNov08}}#Arthur Grosset
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#{{Ref-Clements6thAug18}}#{{Ref-GillDonsker18V8.2}}#{{Ref-HBWVol1}}#del Hoyo, J., Collar, N. & Kirwan, G.M. (2018). Andean Duck (''Oxyura ferruginea''). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/467111 on 24 November 2018).
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# Restall et al. 2006. Birds of Northern South America. Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300124156
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#{{Ref-Jaramillo03}}#BF Member Observations
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# Alvaro Jaramillo. 2003. Birds of Chile. Princeton Field Guides. ISBN 0-691-11740-3
 
 
{{ref}}
 
{{ref}}
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==External Links==
 
==External Links==
 
{{GSearch|Oxyura+ferruginea}}
 
{{GSearch|Oxyura+ferruginea}}
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[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Oxyura]]
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[[Category:Birds]][[Category:Oxyura]]
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{{GS-checked}}
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<br />
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<br />

Latest revision as of 08:48, 10 February 2022

Male
Photo © by Sussex bird man
Laguna Nimez, Argentina, November 2006
Oxyura ferruginea

Identification

Length 35–43 cm, wingspan 53-62 cm, weight 310-800 g
A small diving duck. Compact body with large head and stiff tail often cocked up, give it a very distinctive shape. Wings plain dark brown in all ages and seasons.

Female
Photo © by Joseph Morlan
Río Lurín-- Desembocadura, Lima, Peru, 13 December 2017

Breeding male

  • Striking blue bill
  • Black head
  • Red-brown body

Non-breeding male

  • Grey-brown body
  • Head much as summer male but slightly duller

Female

  • Dull brown
  • Blended face pattern lacking distinct stripes

Juvenile

  • Very similar to female.

Distribution

South America: Andes from Colombia south to Argentina and Chile.

Taxonomy

Closely related to the other "stifftails" of the genus Oxyura and formerly treated conspecific with Ruddy Duck.

Subspecies

Two subspecies are accepted[1]:

  • O. f. andina:
  • Lakes and marshes of Central and Eastern Andes of Colombia. Intermediate (possibly hybrid[3]) between O. jamaicensis and O. a. ferruginea, with cheeks patchy black.
  • O. f. ferruginea:

Habitat

Marshes, ponds and lakes with areas of open water and emergent vegetation.

Behaviour

Action

Dives to feed. Often sinks low in water before diving or even sinks completely to feed without diving.
Rarely seen on land as it walks poorly. They are not often seen in flight.
It cocks the tail much of the time. Except when on the nest spends much time on open water or diving for food.

Diet

A diving duck.
Their diet consists of aquatic insects, molluscs, crustaceans and worms. Also aquatic plant seeds.

Breeding

Breeding season varies through range, breeds all year in the tropics.
A seasonally monogamous species. The nest is a bowl made of dead vegetation on ground or on water, hidden in dense vegetation. Lays 6 to 10 eggs.

References

  1. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2018. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2018. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
  2. Gill, F & D Donsker (Eds). 2018. IOC World Bird List (v8.2). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.8.2. Available at http://www.worldbirdnames.org/
  3. Del Hoyo, J, A Elliot, and J Sargatal, eds. 1992. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 1: Ostrich to Ducks. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-8487334108
  4. del Hoyo, J., Collar, N. & Kirwan, G.M. (2018). Andean Duck (Oxyura ferruginea). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/467111 on 24 November 2018).
  5. Jaramillo, A. 2003. Birds of Chile. Princeton & Oxford: Princeton Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0691117409
  6. BF Member Observations

Recommended Citation

External Links

GSearch checked for 2020 platform.

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