m (→External Links: {{GS-checked}} <br /> <br />) |
(typos; minor grammatical mistakes; updated to comply with the Clements Checklist v2022) |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
[[Image:Antillean_Euphonia.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Male of subspecies ''sclateri''<br />Photo by {{user|raulqc|raulqc}}<br />Maricao, [[Puerto Rico]], December 2007]] | [[Image:Antillean_Euphonia.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Male of subspecies ''sclateri''<br />Photo by {{user|raulqc|raulqc}}<br />Maricao, [[Puerto Rico]], December 2007]] | ||
| − | ;[[:Category: | + | ;[[:Category:Chlorophonia|Chlorophonia]] musica |
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
The '''female''' is more or less identical in the three subspecies, mostly greenish with lighter underside and bluish crown and hindneck and a small yellow spot above the bill. | The '''female''' is more or less identical in the three subspecies, mostly greenish with lighter underside and bluish crown and hindneck and a small yellow spot above the bill. | ||
| − | The '''male''' in the Lesser Antillean race is more or less identical to the female (this observer | + | The '''male''' in the Lesser Antillean race is more or less identical to the female (this observer has seen both sexes in the Lesser Antilles as more yellowish on the underside than described in the field guide, but does not have the photos to show that). Male of the Puerto Rico form is mostly dark above, with sky-blue crown and rear neck, and rich yellow on the rump, above the bill, and on the underside. |
[[Image:Lesser_Antillean_Euphonia_by_njlarsen_P1050273.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''flavifrons'', sex unknown; females of other subspecies are similar to this<br />Photo by {{user|njlarsen|njlarsen}}<br />Syndicate, [[Dominica]], November 2011]] | [[Image:Lesser_Antillean_Euphonia_by_njlarsen_P1050273.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''flavifrons'', sex unknown; females of other subspecies are similar to this<br />Photo by {{user|njlarsen|njlarsen}}<br />Syndicate, [[Dominica]], November 2011]] | ||
Male of the Hispaniolan form is similar to the Puerto Rican form, but the yellow is replaced with a more orange color, and the throat is dark. The combination of color and shape is rather unique within the range. | Male of the Hispaniolan form is similar to the Puerto Rican form, but the yellow is replaced with a more orange color, and the throat is dark. The combination of color and shape is rather unique within the range. | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | This species is divided into three subspecies: nominate form is found in [[Hispaniola]] and Gonâve Island, ''sclateri'' in [[Puerto Rico]], while ''flavifrons'' is known from [[Barbuda]], [[Antigua]], [[Guadeloupe]], La | + | This species is divided into three subspecies: nominate form is found in [[Hispaniola]] and Gonâve Island, ''sclateri'' in [[Puerto Rico]], while ''flavifrons'' is known from [[Barbuda]], [[Antigua]], [[Guadeloupe]], La Désirade, [[Dominica]], [[Martinique]], [[St. Lucia]], [[St. Vincent]], and [[Grenada]] in the [[Lesser Antilles]]. Antillean Euphonia is additionally known as a vagrant from other islands in the Lesser Antilles; it is believed to be extirpated from [[Saba]]. |
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| − | Antillean Euphonia, [[Elegant Euphonia]] '' | + | Antillean Euphonia, [[Elegant Euphonia]] ''Chlorophonia elegantissima'', and [[Golden-rumped Euphonia]] ''Chlorophonia cyanocephala'' have previously been considered parts of the same species ''Euphonia musica''. |
====Subspecies==== | ====Subspecies==== | ||
Three subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | Three subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | ||
| − | *'' | + | *''C. m. musica'': |
| − | :*[[Hispaniola]] and | + | :*[[Hispaniola]] and Gonâve Island |
| − | *'' | + | *''C. m. sclateri'': |
:*[[Puerto Rico]] | :*[[Puerto Rico]] | ||
| − | *'' | + | *''C. m. flavifrons'': |
:*[[Lesser Antilles]] | :*[[Lesser Antilles]] | ||
| Line 26: | Line 26: | ||
Feeds mainly on mistletoe berries. | Feeds mainly on mistletoe berries. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thOct22}}# Raffaele et al. 1998. Birds of the West Indies. Christopher Helm, London. ISBN 0713649054 |
#BF member personal observations | #BF member personal observations | ||
{{Ref}} | {{Ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
{{GSearch|Euphonia+musica}} | {{GSearch|Euphonia+musica}} | ||
| − | [[Category:Birds]][[Category: | + | [[Category:Birds]][[Category:Chlorophonia]] |
{{GS-checked}} | {{GS-checked}} | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
Revision as of 21:41, 29 October 2022
- Chlorophonia musica
Identification
The female is more or less identical in the three subspecies, mostly greenish with lighter underside and bluish crown and hindneck and a small yellow spot above the bill.
The male in the Lesser Antillean race is more or less identical to the female (this observer has seen both sexes in the Lesser Antilles as more yellowish on the underside than described in the field guide, but does not have the photos to show that). Male of the Puerto Rico form is mostly dark above, with sky-blue crown and rear neck, and rich yellow on the rump, above the bill, and on the underside.
Male of the Hispaniolan form is similar to the Puerto Rican form, but the yellow is replaced with a more orange color, and the throat is dark. The combination of color and shape is rather unique within the range.
Distribution
This species is divided into three subspecies: nominate form is found in Hispaniola and Gonâve Island, sclateri in Puerto Rico, while flavifrons is known from Barbuda, Antigua, Guadeloupe, La Désirade, Dominica, Martinique, St. Lucia, St. Vincent, and Grenada in the Lesser Antilles. Antillean Euphonia is additionally known as a vagrant from other islands in the Lesser Antilles; it is believed to be extirpated from Saba.
Taxonomy
Antillean Euphonia, Elegant Euphonia Chlorophonia elegantissima, and Golden-rumped Euphonia Chlorophonia cyanocephala have previously been considered parts of the same species Euphonia musica.
Subspecies
Three subspecies are recognized[1]:
- C. m. musica:
- Hispaniola and Gonâve Island
- C. m. sclateri:
- C. m. flavifrons:
Rumors among Caribbean birdwatchers claim that the data have been obtained but not published (yet) to split the Lesser Antillean form from the Greater Antillean form.
Habitat
Forested areas both drier and wet and in various elevations.
Behaviour
Feeds mainly on mistletoe berries.
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2022. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2022. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Raffaele et al. 1998. Birds of the West Indies. Christopher Helm, London. ISBN 0713649054
- BF member personal observations
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2025) Hispaniolan Euphonia. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 5 February 2025 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Hispaniolan_Euphonia
External Links
GSearch checked for 2020 platform.
