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| − | + | [[Image:Cocoa_Thrush.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|Sungrebe|Sungrebe}}<br />[[Asa Wright Nature Centre]], [[Trinidad]], November 2001]] | |
| − | + | ;[[:Category:Turdus|Turdus]] fumigatus | |
| − | [[Image:Cocoa_Thrush.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by Sungrebe]] | ||
| − | |||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
| − | ==Distribution | + | 22-24cm |
| + | *Dark rufous upperparts | ||
| + | *Pale rufous brown underparts<br /> | ||
| + | Sexes similar. Juvenile - duller with scalloped underparts | ||
| + | [[Image:Cocoa-Thrush -juvie-P109012.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile<br />Photo by {{user|njlarsen|njlarsen}}<br />[[Asa Wright Nature Centre]], [[Trinidad]], March 2010]] | ||
| + | ==Distribution== | ||
| + | [[Caribbean]] (West Indies) and [[South America]]<br /> | ||
| + | '''Caribbean''': [[Lesser Antilles]], [[Windward Islands]], [[Saint Vincent and the Grenadines]] and [[Trinidad]]<br /> | ||
| + | '''South America''': [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]], [[Guyana]], [[Suriname]], [[French Guiana]], [[Bolivia]] and [[Brazil]]. | ||
| + | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| + | ====Subspecies==== | ||
| + | There are 4 subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup> | ||
| + | *''T. f. personus'': | ||
| + | :*[[Lesser Antilles]] (St. Vincent and Grenada) | ||
| + | *''T. f. aquilonalis'': | ||
| + | :*Coastal north-eastern [[Colombia]] to northern [[Venezuela]]; [[Trinidad]] | ||
| + | *''T. f. orinocensis'': | ||
| + | :*Eastern Colombia (eastern Vichada and Meta) and western Venezuela | ||
| + | *''T. f. fumigatus'': | ||
| + | :*The [[Guianas]] to northern and eastern [[Brazil]], Mato Grosso and eastern [[Bolivia]] | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
| + | Dense forest. | ||
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
| + | ====Breeding==== | ||
| + | It builds a bulky cup nest from twigs. The 2-3 green blue, red blotched eggs are incubated by the female for about 13 days. | ||
| + | ====Diet==== | ||
| + | The diet includes insects, ants, invertebrates and berries. It is a ground feeder. | ||
| + | ====Vocalisation==== | ||
| + | '''Song''': a musical warble<br /> | ||
| + | '''Call''': ''chuck'' and ''chak''. | ||
| + | ==References== | ||
| + | #{{Ref-Clements6thDec10}}#Avibase | ||
| + | #Wikipedia | ||
| + | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| − | {{GSearch|Turdus | + | {{GSearch|"Turdus fumigatus" {{!}} "Cocoa Thrush"}} |
| − | [[Category:Birds]] | + | {{GS-checked}}1 |
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Turdus]] | ||
Latest revision as of 19:16, 20 June 2023
- Turdus fumigatus
Identification
22-24cm
- Dark rufous upperparts
- Pale rufous brown underparts
Sexes similar. Juvenile - duller with scalloped underparts
Distribution
Caribbean (West Indies) and South America
Caribbean: Lesser Antilles, Windward Islands, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines and Trinidad
South America: Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana, Bolivia and Brazil.
Taxonomy
Subspecies
There are 4 subspecies[1]
- T. f. personus:
- Lesser Antilles (St. Vincent and Grenada)
- T. f. aquilonalis:
- T. f. orinocensis:
- Eastern Colombia (eastern Vichada and Meta) and western Venezuela
- T. f. fumigatus:
Habitat
Dense forest.
Behaviour
Breeding
It builds a bulky cup nest from twigs. The 2-3 green blue, red blotched eggs are incubated by the female for about 13 days.
Diet
The diet includes insects, ants, invertebrates and berries. It is a ground feeder.
Vocalisation
Song: a musical warble
Call: chuck and chak.
References
- Clements, JF. 2010. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. 6th ed., with updates to December 2010. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0801445019. Spreadsheet available at http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/Clements%206.5.xls/view
- Avibase
- Wikipedia
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2025) Cocoa Thrush. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 4 January 2025 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Cocoa_Thrush
External Links
GSearch checked for 2020 platform.1
