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| − | [[Image:20082IMG 9364-Vel-Resized-BF.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|janruss|janruss}}<br />Edmonds, Washington, [[USA]], September 2005]] | + | [[Image:20082IMG 9364-Vel-Resized-BF.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo © by {{user|janruss|janruss}}<br />Edmonds, Washington, [[USA]], September 2005]] |
;[[: Category:Cyanocitta|Cyanocitta]] stelleri | ;[[: Category:Cyanocitta|Cyanocitta]] stelleri | ||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
| − | L. 29cm | + | L. 29cm (11½ in); W. 43-48cm, Wt. 105gm |
| − | W. 43-48cm | ||
| − | Wt. 105gm | ||
*Dark gray to black head and nape | *Dark gray to black head and nape | ||
*Large black crest | *Large black crest | ||
| Line 14: | Line 12: | ||
*Black legs | *Black legs | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | Year-round resident of mountainous regions of the western [[ | + | Year-round resident of mountainous regions of the western [[North America]] and [[Central America]] south to [[Nicaragua]]. Common in the Sierras, coastal ranges of [[California]], Rocky Mountains, and coast ranges of [[British Columbia]] and southern [[Alaska]].<br /> |
Common in most of its range. | Common in most of its range. | ||
| − | [[Image:Steljay 28102008 post.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile<br />Photo by {{user|digishooter|digishooter}}<br />Mount Pinos, Kern County, [[California]], [[USA]], August 2008]] | + | [[Image:Steljay 28102008 post.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile<br />Photo © by {{user|digishooter|digishooter}}<br />Mount Pinos, Kern County, [[California]], [[USA]], August 2008]] |
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
Shares the Genus [[Cyanocitta]] with the [[Blue Jay]]. | Shares the Genus [[Cyanocitta]] with the [[Blue Jay]]. | ||
| − | ====Subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup> | + | ====Subspecies==== |
| + | There are 16 subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>:<br /> | ||
'''Coastal'''<br /> | '''Coastal'''<br /> | ||
*''C. s. stelleri'': Southern [[Alaska]] and coastal [[British Columbia]] to north-western [[Oregon]] | *''C. s. stelleri'': Southern [[Alaska]] and coastal [[British Columbia]] to north-western [[Oregon]] | ||
| − | *''C. s. carlottae'': | + | *''C. s. carlottae'': Haida Gwaii ([[British Columbia]]) |
*''C. s. frontalis'': Central [[Oregon]] to southern [[California]]; winters to extreme northern [[Baja California]] | *''C. s. frontalis'': Central [[Oregon]] to southern [[California]]; winters to extreme northern [[Baja California]] | ||
*''C. s. carbonacea'': Coastal [[California]] (Marin and Contra Costa to Monterey counties) | *''C. s. carbonacea'': Coastal [[California]] (Marin and Contra Costa to Monterey counties) | ||
| Line 34: | Line 33: | ||
*''C. s. purpurea'': South-western [[Mexico]] (highlands of western and central Michoacán) | *''C. s. purpurea'': South-western [[Mexico]] (highlands of western and central Michoacán) | ||
*''C. s. azteca'': Mountains of central [[Mexico]] (México, Morelos, Puebla and west-central Veracruz) | *''C. s. azteca'': Mountains of central [[Mexico]] (México, Morelos, Puebla and west-central Veracruz) | ||
| − | *''C. s. | + | *''C. s. teotepecensis'': Mountains of southern [[Mexico]] (central and southern Guerrero) |
*''C. s. restricta'': Southern [[Mexico]] (highlands of Oaxaca) | *''C. s. restricta'': Southern [[Mexico]] (highlands of Oaxaca) | ||
*''C. s. ridgwayi'': Highlands of southern [[Mexico]] (Chiapas) to [[Guatemala]] and [[El Salvador]] | *''C. s. ridgwayi'': Highlands of southern [[Mexico]] (Chiapas) to [[Guatemala]] and [[El Salvador]] | ||
*''C. s. lazula'': Highlands of [[El Salvador]] | *''C. s. lazula'': Highlands of [[El Salvador]] | ||
*''C. s. suavis'': Highlands of western [[Honduras]] to central [[Nicaragua]] | *''C. s. suavis'': Highlands of western [[Honduras]] to central [[Nicaragua]] | ||
| − | [[Image:DSC 4173 2.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Photo by {{user|Gerald+Friesen|Gerald Friesen}}<br />Beaver Creek, [[Colorado]], [[USA]], October 2008]] | + | [[Image:DSC 4173 2.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Photo © by {{user|Gerald+Friesen|Gerald Friesen}}<br />Beaver Creek, [[Colorado]], [[USA]], October 2008]] |
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
Mixed pine/oak and coniferous forest. | Mixed pine/oak and coniferous forest. | ||
| Line 45: | Line 44: | ||
Typical jay behavior; intelligent and inquisitive, opportunistic feeders. Will become tame around humans, especially if deliberately fed. This has led to camp-robber status in some campgrounds. | Typical jay behavior; intelligent and inquisitive, opportunistic feeders. Will become tame around humans, especially if deliberately fed. This has led to camp-robber status in some campgrounds. | ||
====Diet==== | ====Diet==== | ||
| − | Omnivorous, will take frogs, eggs, and snakes when available. Winter diet is pine seeds, acorns and fruit; will come to feeders. | + | [[Dictionary_M-O#O|Omnivorous]], will take frogs, eggs, and snakes when available. Winter diet is pine seeds, acorns and fruit; will come to feeders. |
====Breeding==== | ====Breeding==== | ||
| − | Breeding season from March to July. Monogamous. The bulky nest is made of coarse twigs and placed 2 - 25m above the ground in the central part of a tree. Lays 2 - 6 eggs. | + | Breeding season from March to July. [[Dictionary_M-O#M|Monogamous]]. The bulky nest is made of coarse twigs and placed 2 - 25m above the ground in the central part of a tree. Lays 2 - 6 eggs. |
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug21}}#{{Ref-HBWVol14}}#Walker, L. E., P. Pyle, M. A. Patten, E. Greene, W. Davison, and V. R. Muehter (2020). Steller's Jay (''Cyanocitta stelleri''), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (P. G. Rodewald, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.stejay.01 |
{{ref}} | {{ref}} | ||
| + | |||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| − | {{GSearch|Steller's | + | {{GSearch|"Cyanocitta stelleri" {{!}} "Steller's Jay"}} |
| + | {{GS-checked}}1 | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Cyanocitta]] | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Cyanocitta]] | ||
Latest revision as of 23:25, 6 March 2023
- Cyanocitta stelleri
Identification
L. 29cm (11½ in); W. 43-48cm, Wt. 105gm
- Dark gray to black head and nape
- Large black crest
- The only crested jay in the west
- Most have white streaks on the forehead and chin
- Absent in some subspecies
- Body, wings, and tail are a deep blue
- Long straight bill (black)
- Black legs
Distribution
Year-round resident of mountainous regions of the western North America and Central America south to Nicaragua. Common in the Sierras, coastal ranges of California, Rocky Mountains, and coast ranges of British Columbia and southern Alaska.
Common in most of its range.
Taxonomy
Shares the Genus Cyanocitta with the Blue Jay.
Subspecies
There are 16 subspecies[1]:
Coastal
- C. s. stelleri: Southern Alaska and coastal British Columbia to north-western Oregon
- C. s. carlottae: Haida Gwaii (British Columbia)
- C. s. frontalis: Central Oregon to southern California; winters to extreme northern Baja California
- C. s. carbonacea: Coastal California (Marin and Contra Costa to Monterey counties)
Interior
- C. s. annectens: Interior British Columbia to north-eastern Oregon and north-western Wyoming
- C. s. macrolopha: Rocky Mountains (Nevada and Utah to northern Sonora)
- C. s. diademata: Sierra Madre Occidental (south-eastern Sonora to Chihuahua and Jalisco)
- C. s. philippsi: Central Mexico (San Luis Potosí, Guanajuato and Hidalgo)
Central American
- C. s. coronata: Highlands of central Mexico (San Luis Potosí to n Puebla)
- C. s. purpurea: South-western Mexico (highlands of western and central Michoacán)
- C. s. azteca: Mountains of central Mexico (México, Morelos, Puebla and west-central Veracruz)
- C. s. teotepecensis: Mountains of southern Mexico (central and southern Guerrero)
- C. s. restricta: Southern Mexico (highlands of Oaxaca)
- C. s. ridgwayi: Highlands of southern Mexico (Chiapas) to Guatemala and El Salvador
- C. s. lazula: Highlands of El Salvador
- C. s. suavis: Highlands of western Honduras to central Nicaragua
Habitat
Mixed pine/oak and coniferous forest.
Behaviour
Typical jay behavior; intelligent and inquisitive, opportunistic feeders. Will become tame around humans, especially if deliberately fed. This has led to camp-robber status in some campgrounds.
Diet
Omnivorous, will take frogs, eggs, and snakes when available. Winter diet is pine seeds, acorns and fruit; will come to feeders.
Breeding
Breeding season from March to July. Monogamous. The bulky nest is made of coarse twigs and placed 2 - 25m above the ground in the central part of a tree. Lays 2 - 6 eggs.
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2021. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2021. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Del Hoyo, J, A Elliott, and D Christie, eds. 2009. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 14: Bush-shrikes to Old World Sparrows. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-8496553507
- Walker, L. E., P. Pyle, M. A. Patten, E. Greene, W. Davison, and V. R. Muehter (2020). Steller's Jay (Cyanocitta stelleri), version 1.0. In Birds of the World (P. G. Rodewald, Editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bow.stejay.01
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Steller's Jay. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 16 June 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Steller%27s_Jay
External Links
GSearch checked for 2020 platform.1
