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[[Image:Yellow-crowned_Parrot.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|Jacamar|Jacamar}}<br />Photo taken: Glasgow, EBB, [[Guyana]].]] | [[Image:Yellow-crowned_Parrot.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|Jacamar|Jacamar}}<br />Photo taken: Glasgow, EBB, [[Guyana]].]] | ||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
| − | This is an overall green parrot with a yellow forehead. There is a conspicuous white eye-ring and the bend of the wing plus the wing speculum are red. The feathers to the nape are faintly edged blackish and the thighs have a hint of yellow. The tail is green with a greenish-yellow tip and the base to the outer tail feathers is red. The bill is grey with reddish sides to the upper mandible and the feet are grey | + | 35–38 cm (13¾-15 in); wing length 198-220 mm (8-8.5ins) <br /> |
| + | This is an overall green parrot with a yellow forehead. There is a conspicuous white eye-ring and the bend of the wing plus the wing speculum are red. The feathers to the nape are faintly edged blackish and the thighs have a hint of yellow. The tail is green with a greenish-yellow tip and the base to the outer tail feathers is red. The bill is grey with reddish sides to the upper mandible and the feet are grey. | ||
====Geographical variation==== | ====Geographical variation==== | ||
| − | The [[Panama]] Yellow fronted has the yellow restricted to forehead and forecrown; lores and area around eyes green; back of crown tinged with blue; thighs green, a few birds with yellowish tinge. On the [[Belize]] Yellow-fronted the yellow extends to eye area, cheeks and ear-coverts; occasionally scattered yellow feathers to throat and back of head; red bend of wing often with scattered yellow feathers; throat and abdomen with slight bluish tinge. The Yellow-fronted found in [[Colombia]] and [[Ecuador]] has a broad green frontal band, cheeks, ear-coverts and throat in most birds strongly suffused with blue; green to breast and abdomen varies from yellowish-green to bluish-green; red bend of wing often mixed with yellow; upper mandible grey with yellowish to pinkish sides. | + | The [[Panama]] Yellow fronted has the yellow restricted to forehead and forecrown; [[Topography#Heads|lores]] and area around eyes green; back of crown tinged with blue; thighs green, a few birds with yellowish tinge.<br /> |
| + | On the [[Belize]] Yellow-fronted the yellow extends to eye area, cheeks and ear-coverts; occasionally scattered yellow feathers to throat and back of head; red bend of wing often with scattered yellow feathers; throat and abdomen with slight bluish tinge.<br /> | ||
| + | The Yellow-fronted found in [[Colombia]] and [[Ecuador]] has a broad green frontal band, cheeks, ear-[[Topography#General Anatomy|coverts]] and throat in most birds strongly suffused with blue; green to breast and abdomen varies from yellowish-green to bluish-green; red bend of wing often mixed with yellow; upper mandible grey with yellowish to pinkish sides. | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | [[South America]] and [[ | + | [[Central America|Central]] and [[South America]]:<br /> |
| + | '''Central America''': occurs only [[Panama]]<br /> | ||
| + | '''South America''': found in [[Colombia]], [[Venezuela]], [[Guyana]], [[Suriname]], [[Ecuador]], [[Peru]], [[Bolivia]] and [[Brazil]] | ||
| + | Released and escaped pets can be found in many countries. | ||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| − | Four subspecies are recognized: | + | ====Subspecies==== |
| − | *''A. o. panamensis'' | + | Four subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: |
| − | *''A. o. ochrocephala'' | + | *''A. o. panamensis'': |
| + | :*Pearl Islands and western [[Panama]] to north-western [[Colombia]] | ||
| + | *''A. o. ochrocephala'': | ||
| + | *Eastern Colombia to [[Venezuela]], the [[Guianas]], [[Trinidad]] and northern [[Brazil]] | ||
*''A. o. xantholaema'' | *''A. o. xantholaema'' | ||
| − | *''A. o. nattereri'' | + | :*Ilha de Marajó (off northern Brazil) |
| + | *''A. o. nattereri'': | ||
| + | *Southern Colombia to eastern [[Ecuador]], eastern [[Peru]], northern [[Bolivia]] and western [[Brazil]] | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
| − | Forest, woodland, mangroves, savanna and may also be found on cultivated land and suburban areas. | + | Forest, tropical deciduous woodland, mangroves, seasonally flooded woodland, savanna and may also be found on cultivated land and suburban areas. |
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
| − | The diet includes fruits, nuts, | + | ====Diet==== |
| − | + | The diet includes fruits, tree flowers, nuts, seeds and berries. | |
| − | They nest in a hollow in a tree, palm or | + | ====Breding==== |
| + | The breed from December-January in western Panama and Colombia; January in Surinam; February–May in north-eastern Venezuela; They nest in a hollow in a tree, palm or termite moount. The clutch consists of 2-3 eggs which are incubated for about 26 days; the young fledge about 60 days later. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug14}}#Avibase |
| + | #Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved July 2015) | ||
| + | #Wikipedia | ||
| + | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
{{GSearch|Amazona+ochrocephala}} | {{GSearch|Amazona+ochrocephala}} | ||
[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Amazona]] | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Amazona]] | ||
Revision as of 21:09, 12 July 2015
Alternative name: Yellow-crowned Amazon
- Amazona ochrocephala
Identification
35–38 cm (13¾-15 in); wing length 198-220 mm (8-8.5ins)
This is an overall green parrot with a yellow forehead. There is a conspicuous white eye-ring and the bend of the wing plus the wing speculum are red. The feathers to the nape are faintly edged blackish and the thighs have a hint of yellow. The tail is green with a greenish-yellow tip and the base to the outer tail feathers is red. The bill is grey with reddish sides to the upper mandible and the feet are grey.
Geographical variation
The Panama Yellow fronted has the yellow restricted to forehead and forecrown; lores and area around eyes green; back of crown tinged with blue; thighs green, a few birds with yellowish tinge.
On the Belize Yellow-fronted the yellow extends to eye area, cheeks and ear-coverts; occasionally scattered yellow feathers to throat and back of head; red bend of wing often with scattered yellow feathers; throat and abdomen with slight bluish tinge.
The Yellow-fronted found in Colombia and Ecuador has a broad green frontal band, cheeks, ear-coverts and throat in most birds strongly suffused with blue; green to breast and abdomen varies from yellowish-green to bluish-green; red bend of wing often mixed with yellow; upper mandible grey with yellowish to pinkish sides.
Distribution
Central and South America:
Central America: occurs only Panama
South America: found in Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil
Released and escaped pets can be found in many countries.
Taxonomy
Subspecies
Four subspecies are recognized[1]:
- A. o. panamensis:
- A. o. ochrocephala:
- Eastern Colombia to Venezuela, the Guianas, Trinidad and northern Brazil
- A. o. xantholaema
- Ilha de Marajó (off northern Brazil)
- A. o. nattereri:
- Southern Colombia to eastern Ecuador, eastern Peru, northern Bolivia and western Brazil
Habitat
Forest, tropical deciduous woodland, mangroves, seasonally flooded woodland, savanna and may also be found on cultivated land and suburban areas.
Behaviour
Diet
The diet includes fruits, tree flowers, nuts, seeds and berries.
Breding
The breed from December-January in western Panama and Colombia; January in Surinam; February–May in north-eastern Venezuela; They nest in a hollow in a tree, palm or termite moount. The clutch consists of 2-3 eggs which are incubated for about 26 days; the young fledge about 60 days later.
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2014. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: Version 6.9., with updates to August 2014. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Avibase
- Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved July 2015)
- Wikipedia
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2025) Yellow-crowned Amazon. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 25 April 2025 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Yellow-crowned_Amazon
