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| − | [[Image:Common_Magpie.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|henkdikkers|henkdikkers}}<br />Nuis, [[The Netherlands]], January 2007]] | + | [[Image:Common_Magpie.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo © by {{user|henkdikkers|henkdikkers}}<br />Nuis, [[The Netherlands]], January 2007]] |
| − | '''Alternative | + | '''Alternative Names: Common Magpie; Pied Magpie''' |
;[[: Category:Pica|Pica]] pica | ;[[: Category:Pica|Pica]] pica | ||
| − | ''' | + | '''Formerly included: [[Asir Magpie]]; [[Oriental Magpie]]; [[Black-rumped Magpie]]; and [[Maghreb Magpie]]''' |
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
| − | [[Image: | + | [[Image:7D2 5168 b 900 b.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Nominate subspecies<br />Photo © by {{user|Joe52|Joe52}}<br />Bournemouth, [[Dorset]], October 2018]] |
Length 46–50 cm (18-19¾ in); weight 187-268 g (male), 161-240 g (female)<br /> | Length 46–50 cm (18-19¾ in); weight 187-268 g (male), 161-240 g (female)<br /> | ||
* Black head, neck, breast and back | * Black head, neck, breast and back | ||
* Prominent white side patches and belly | * Prominent white side patches and belly | ||
| − | * Wings and tail, whilst looking black in certain lights, are actually | + | * Wings and tail, whilst looking black in certain lights, are actually blue-green and purple |
* Very long tail, diamond-shaped when spread out | * Very long tail, diamond-shaped when spread out | ||
| − | + | ||
Sexes are similar. Juveniles are duller than adults. | Sexes are similar. Juveniles are duller than adults. | ||
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==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
This species was formerly considered conspecific with [[Black-billed Magpie]] ''P. hudsonia''. | This species was formerly considered conspecific with [[Black-billed Magpie]] ''P. hudsonia''. | ||
| + | [[Image:12104magpie.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''P. p. bactriana''<br />Photo © by {{user|Rajiv+Lather|Rajiv Lather}}<br />Leh, [[India]], October 2006]] | ||
====Subspecies==== | ====Subspecies==== | ||
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| − | |||
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Six subspecies are recognised<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | Six subspecies are recognised<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | ||
*''P. p. melanotos'': | *''P. p. melanotos'': | ||
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*''P. p. camtschatica'' (Kamchatka Magpie): | *''P. p. camtschatica'' (Kamchatka Magpie): | ||
:*Northern shores of Sea of Okhotsk to Kamchatka Peninsula<br /> | :*Northern shores of Sea of Okhotsk to Kamchatka Peninsula<br /> | ||
| − | + | [[Image:IMG 1548a.jpg|thumb|300px|right|Juvenile, subspecies ''P. p. bactriana''<br />Photo © by {{user|Mohamad+Kamrani|Mohamad Kamrani}}<br />Nahavand, [[Iran]]]] | |
''P. p. galliae'' of Western [[Europe]] to [[Balkans]] is a junior synonym of ''P. p. pica'' and no longer recognized.<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup> <br /> | ''P. p. galliae'' of Western [[Europe]] to [[Balkans]] is a junior synonym of ''P. p. pica'' and no longer recognized.<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup> <br /> | ||
''P. p. hemileucoptera'' of Western and southern [[Siberia]] to Outer [[Mongolia]] is considered to be a junior synonym of'' P. p. bactriana'' and no longer recognized.<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup> <br /> | ''P. p. hemileucoptera'' of Western and southern [[Siberia]] to Outer [[Mongolia]] is considered to be a junior synonym of'' P. p. bactriana'' and no longer recognized.<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup> <br /> | ||
The following former subspecies have been split into full species<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup> | The following former subspecies have been split into full species<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup> | ||
| − | *''P. p. mauretanica'' [[Maghreb Magpie | + | *''P. p. mauretanica'' [[Maghreb Magpie]] |
| − | + | *''P. p. asirensis'' [[Asir Magpie]] | |
| − | *''P. p. asirensis'' [[Asir Magpie]] | + | *''P. p. bottanensis'' [[Black-rumped Magpie]] |
| − | + | *''P. p. serica'' [[Oriental Magpie]] | |
| − | *''P. p. bottanensis'' [[Black-rumped Magpie]] | ||
| − | |||
| − | *''P. p. serica'' [[Oriental Magpie | ||
| − | |||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
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====Breeding==== | ====Breeding==== | ||
Builds a domed nest in tall trees, or hedgerows which often contains shiny objects | Builds a domed nest in tall trees, or hedgerows which often contains shiny objects | ||
| − | ====Vocalisation==== | + | |
| + | ====Vocalisation==== | ||
Harsh "chack, chack, chack". | Harsh "chack, chack, chack". | ||
| − | + | ||
| − | + | {{ Audio|Pica pica (song).mp3 }} | |
| + | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
#{{Ref-Clements6thAug18}}#{{Ref-GillDonsker18V8.2}}#{{Ref-HBWVol14}}#Birdwatchers Pocket Guide ISBN 1-85732-804-3 | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug18}}#{{Ref-GillDonsker18V8.2}}#{{Ref-HBWVol14}}#Birdwatchers Pocket Guide ISBN 1-85732-804-3 | ||
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==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| − | {{GSearch| | + | {{GSearch|"Pica pica" {{!}} "Common Magpie" {{!}} "Pied Magpie" {{!}} "Eurasian Magpie"}} |
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | {{VSearch|"Pica pica" {{!}} "Common Magpie" {{!}} "Pied Magpie" {{!}} "Eurasian Magpie"}} | ||
| + | {{GS-checked}} | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
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| − | [[Category:Birds]][[category:Pica]][[Category:Bird Songs]][[Category:Videos]] | + | [[Category:Birds]][[category:Pica]] [[Category:Bird Songs]] [[Category:Videos]] |
Latest revision as of 02:21, 11 February 2023
Alternative Names: Common Magpie; Pied Magpie
- Pica pica
Formerly included: Asir Magpie; Oriental Magpie; Black-rumped Magpie; and Maghreb Magpie
Identification
Length 46–50 cm (18-19¾ in); weight 187-268 g (male), 161-240 g (female)
- Black head, neck, breast and back
- Prominent white side patches and belly
- Wings and tail, whilst looking black in certain lights, are actually blue-green and purple
- Very long tail, diamond-shaped when spread out
Sexes are similar. Juveniles are duller than adults.
Distribution
Found across most of northern Eurasia from Europe to the Russian Far East and south to Asia Minor and northwest India. Birds ranging in Africa, Arabia and Southern Asia now considered to belong to other species. Widespread and common in most of its range.
Taxonomy
This species was formerly considered conspecific with Black-billed Magpie P. hudsonia.
Subspecies
Six subspecies are recognised[1]:
- P. p. melanotos:
- P. p. pica:
- Europe, from the British Isles, France, and southern Scandinavia to eastern Europe and Asia Minor
- P. p. fennorum:
- Northern Scandinavia and western Russia
- P. p. bactriana:
- P. p. leucoptera:
- Southern Transbaicalia to eastern Mongolia and Altai Mountains
- P. p. camtschatica (Kamchatka Magpie):
- Northern shores of Sea of Okhotsk to Kamchatka Peninsula
- Northern shores of Sea of Okhotsk to Kamchatka Peninsula
P. p. galliae of Western Europe to Balkans is a junior synonym of P. p. pica and no longer recognized.[1]
P. p. hemileucoptera of Western and southern Siberia to Outer Mongolia is considered to be a junior synonym of P. p. bactriana and no longer recognized.[1]
The following former subspecies have been split into full species[1]
- P. p. mauretanica Maghreb Magpie
- P. p. asirensis Asir Magpie
- P. p. bottanensis Black-rumped Magpie
- P. p. serica Oriental Magpie
Habitat
Farmland and open country. Also town gardens and parks.
Behaviour
Walks and will hop sideways.
Flight
Quick, with deep, fast, even wing beats. Short glides.
Diet
Omnivorous. Feeds mainly on invertebrates, small mammals, lizards, frogs, bird eggs, nestlings and carrion. Often caches food.
Breeding
Builds a domed nest in tall trees, or hedgerows which often contains shiny objects
Vocalisation
Harsh "chack, chack, chack".
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2018. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2018. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Gill, F & D Donsker (Eds). 2018. IOC World Bird List (v8.2). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.8.2. Available at http://www.worldbirdnames.org/
- Del Hoyo, J, A Elliott, and D Christie, eds. 2009. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 14: Bush-shrikes to Old World Sparrows. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-8496553507
- Birdwatchers Pocket Guide ISBN 1-85732-804-3
- Collins Pocket Guide to British Birds 1966
- Collins Field Guide 5th Edition
- Madge, S., Christie, D.A. & Kirwan, G.M. (2018). Eurasian Magpie (Pica pica). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/60753 on 17 August 2018).
- Song, G., Zhang, R., Alström, P., Irestedt, M., Cai, T., Qu, Y., Ericson, P.G.P., Fjeldså, J. & Lei, F. (2018) Complete taxon sampling of the avian genus Pica (magpies) reveals ancient relictual populations and synchronous Late-Pleistocene demographic expansion across the Northern Hemisphere. J. Avian Biol.49(2): https://doi.org/10.1111/jav.01612.
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Eurasian Magpie. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 3 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Eurasian_Magpie
External Links
GSearch checked for 2020 platform.
