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| − | [[Image:Dartford_Warbler.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|Andy+Bright|Andy Bright}}<br />[[Suffolk]], [[U.K.]], October 2005]] | + | [[Image:Dartford_Warbler.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo © by {{user|Andy+Bright|Andy Bright}}<br />[[Suffolk]], [[U.K.]], October 2005]] |
| − | ;[[:Category: | + | ;[[:Category:Curruca|Curruca]] undata |
| + | ''Sylvia undata'' | ||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
| − | + | 12·5 cm (5 in)<br /> | |
'''Male''' | '''Male''' | ||
*Rufous below | *Rufous below | ||
| Line 14: | Line 15: | ||
*More of a brown grey below | *More of a brown grey below | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | [[Image:DarfordWarblerFemale.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Female<br />Photo by {{user|scottishdude|scottishdude}} <br />[[Minsmere]], May, 2009]] | + | [[Image:DarfordWarblerFemale.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Female<br />Photo © by {{user|scottishdude|scottishdude}} <br />[[Minsmere]], May, 2009]] |
| − | Breeds in southern [[England]], the [[Channel Islands]] and [[ | + | Breeds in southern [[England]], the [[Channel Islands]] and southernmost [[Wales]], in western [[France]] and on the [[Mediterranean]] coast and throughout [[Iberia]]. Also breeds on [[Menorca]], on [[Corsica]] and [[Sardinia]], southern [[Italy]] and north-east [[Sicily]] and in coastal North [[Africa]] in [[Morocco]], [[Algeria]], and [[Tunisia]]. |
| − | Britain lies on the northern edge of this species' range and it occurs | + | Britain lies on the northern edge of this species' range and it occurs mainly in southern England with the bulk of the population found from [[Devon]] to [[Sussex]] and [[Surrey]] with small numbers in [[Cornwall]] and on the [[Isle of Wight]]. With global warming, the species has increased and spread north in recent decades, and now breeds in coastal heaths in south [[Wales]], [[Essex]], [[Suffolk]] and [[Norfolk]]; extralimital breeding has also occurred in north Wales and [[Staffordshire]].<sup>[[#References|[2]]]</sup> |
| − | Vagrants recorded in [[Ireland]], [[Belgium]] and the [[Netherlands]], [[Germany]] and [[Sweden]], and east to [[Greece]] and the former Yugoslavia, also in [[Libya]]. | + | Vagrants have been recorded in [[Ireland]], [[Scotland]], [[Belgium]] and the [[Netherlands]], [[Germany]] and [[Sweden]], and east to [[Greece]] and the former Yugoslavia, and also in [[Libya]]. |
| − | |||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| + | This is a [[Dictionary_P-S#P|polytypic]] species<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup> consisting of 3 subspecies. | ||
====Subspecies==== | ====Subspecies==== | ||
| − | [[Image:IMG 3763 1-bf.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile<br />Photo by | + | [[Image:IMG 3763 1-bf.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile<br />Photo © by the late '''[https://www.birdforum.net/gallery/showgallery.php/ppuser/50827/cat/500 Mahsleb]'''<br />[[Dunwich Heath]], Saxmundham, [[Suffolk]], July 2010]] |
| − | + | *''C. u. dartfordiensis'': has a dark brown mantle | |
| − | *'' | + | :*Southern [[England]], western [[France]], northwestern [[Spain]] and northern [[Portugal]] |
| − | :*Southern [[England]], western [[France]], | + | *''C. u. undata'': has a slate-grey mantle |
| − | *'' | ||
:*Mediterranean [[France]], [[Corsica]], [[Sardinia]], [[Sicily]], [[Balearic Islands]] and [[Italy]] | :*Mediterranean [[France]], [[Corsica]], [[Sardinia]], [[Sicily]], [[Balearic Islands]] and [[Italy]] | ||
| − | *'' | + | *''C. u. toni'': the palest race, is greyish-brown above and paler and duller below |
| − | :*Iberian Peninsula and coastal [[Morocco]], [[Algeria]], [[Tunisia]] | + | :*Iberian Peninsula and coastal [[Morocco]], [[Algeria]], [[Tunisia]] |
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
| − | In north of range found on open heathland with abundant gorse to provide cover, further south in dense thorny scrub and maquis, sometimes in open pinewoods. In Spain it is mainly present in areas with low scrub (no taller than 1 | + | In north of range found on open heathland with abundant gorse (''Ulex'' sp.) and heather (''Calluna vulgaris'') to provide cover, further south in dense thorny scrub and maquis, sometimes in open pinewoods. In Spain it is mainly present in areas with low scrub (no taller than 1 metre) without trees (or with only few). Slopes with Gum Cistus (''Cistus ladanifer'') are a favourite. |
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
| + | [[Image:DSC 18451.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Photo © by {{user|manorjim|manorjim}}<br />Dunwich Heath, [[Suffolk]], June 2014 ]] | ||
====Diet==== | ====Diet==== | ||
| − | The diet | + | The diet consists mostly of insects and spiders, with the addition of berries outside of the breeding season. |
====Breeding==== | ====Breeding==== | ||
It nests in low vegetation. The clutch consists of 3-6 eggs. | It nests in low vegetation. The clutch consists of 3-6 eggs. | ||
| + | ====Movements==== | ||
| + | Mainly resident, but some birds, mainly juveniles, wander in winter and range expands in the south of range, especially on [[Balearics]], [[Malta]], Sicily, and in North [[Africa]]. | ||
====Vocalisation==== | ====Vocalisation==== | ||
| − | '''Song''': a rattling warble. Call has been described as a sort of lowish buzz | + | '''Song''': a scratchy rattling warble. Call has been described as a sort of lowish buzz "ddzzz". |
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug21}}#''Bird Atlas 2007-11''. BTO. |
| + | #Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved February 2016) | ||
| + | #Wikipedia | ||
{{ref}} | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| − | {{GSearch|Sylvia | + | {{GSearch|"Curruca undata" {{!}} "Sylvia undata" {{!}} "Dartford Warbler"}} |
| − | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category: | + | {{GS-checked}}1 |
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Curruca]] | ||
Latest revision as of 17:01, 16 January 2023
- Curruca undata
Sylvia undata
Identification
12·5 cm (5 in)
Male
- Rufous below
- Grey back
- Grey head
- Red throat with white spots
- Red iris
- Long tail
Female
- Paler underparts
- More of a brown grey below
Distribution
Breeds in southern England, the Channel Islands and southernmost Wales, in western France and on the Mediterranean coast and throughout Iberia. Also breeds on Menorca, on Corsica and Sardinia, southern Italy and north-east Sicily and in coastal North Africa in Morocco, Algeria, and Tunisia.
Britain lies on the northern edge of this species' range and it occurs mainly in southern England with the bulk of the population found from Devon to Sussex and Surrey with small numbers in Cornwall and on the Isle of Wight. With global warming, the species has increased and spread north in recent decades, and now breeds in coastal heaths in south Wales, Essex, Suffolk and Norfolk; extralimital breeding has also occurred in north Wales and Staffordshire.[2]
Vagrants have been recorded in Ireland, Scotland, Belgium and the Netherlands, Germany and Sweden, and east to Greece and the former Yugoslavia, and also in Libya.
Taxonomy
This is a polytypic species[1] consisting of 3 subspecies.
Subspecies
- C. u. dartfordiensis: has a dark brown mantle
- C. u. undata: has a slate-grey mantle
- C. u. toni: the palest race, is greyish-brown above and paler and duller below
Habitat
In north of range found on open heathland with abundant gorse (Ulex sp.) and heather (Calluna vulgaris) to provide cover, further south in dense thorny scrub and maquis, sometimes in open pinewoods. In Spain it is mainly present in areas with low scrub (no taller than 1 metre) without trees (or with only few). Slopes with Gum Cistus (Cistus ladanifer) are a favourite.
Behaviour
Diet
The diet consists mostly of insects and spiders, with the addition of berries outside of the breeding season.
Breeding
It nests in low vegetation. The clutch consists of 3-6 eggs.
Movements
Mainly resident, but some birds, mainly juveniles, wander in winter and range expands in the south of range, especially on Balearics, Malta, Sicily, and in North Africa.
Vocalisation
Song: a scratchy rattling warble. Call has been described as a sort of lowish buzz "ddzzz".
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, S. M. Billerman, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2021. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2021. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Bird Atlas 2007-11. BTO.
- Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved February 2016)
- Wikipedia
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Dartford Warbler. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 3 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Dartford_Warbler
External Links
GSearch checked for 2020 platform.1
