- Icterus cayanensis
Identification
Mostly black, the epaulet consisting of the upper wing-coverts. Some subspecies have a yellow epaulet and yellow thighs (e.g., I. c. tibialis) while other sub-species have an ochre-orange epaulet (see second photo).
Distribution
Most of South America.
Taxonomy
Polytypic, consists of six subspecies1:
- I. c. chrysocephalus
- Eastern Colombia to Venezuela, Guianas, northern Brazil and north-eastern Peru; also Trinidad
- Has been recognised as a separate species (Moriche Oriole)2.
- I. c. cayanensis
- Suriname to French Guiana, Amazonian Brazil, eastern Peru and eastern Bolivia
- I. c. tibialis
- Eastern Brazil
- I. c. valenciobuenoi
- South-eastern Brazil
- I. c. periporphyrus
- North-eastern Bolivia and adjacent western Brazil
- I. c. pyrrhopterus
- South-eastern Bolivia to Paraguay, south-eastern Brazil, Uruguay and northern Argentina
Habitat
Behaviour
References
- Clements, JF. 2008. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. 6th ed., with updates to December 2008. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0801445019. Spreadsheet available at http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist.
- Sibley, CG and BL Monroe. 1996. Birds of the World, on diskette, Windows version 2.0. Charles G. Sibley, Santa Rosa, CA, USA.
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Epaulet Oriole. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 1 June 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Epaulet_Oriole