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Difference between revisions of "Lemon Dove" - BirdForum Opus

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;Aplopelia larvata
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'''Alternative names: Forest Dove (''C. l. simplex''), Cinnamon Dove'''
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(disputed: Columba larvata)
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[[Image:390 Dove, Lemon.jpg|thumb|450px|right|Photo by {{user|peterday|peterday}}<br />Wondo Genet, [[Ethiopia]], November 2013]]
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[[Image:Lemon_Dove.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Photo by Jan Van den Broeck]]
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==Other Names==
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;[[:Category:Columba|Columba]] larvata
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Cinnamon Dove; German: Zimttaube; Afrikaans: Kaneelduifie
 
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
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It has a dark brown plumage, black bill, glossed green on sides of neck and cinnamon brown below. The feet, iris and orbital skin are red. The male of western Africa subspecies has a dark grey plumage. The female has a dull cinnamon brown plumage.
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25-29 cm (9¾-11½ in)<br />
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Dark brown plumage, black bill, glossed green on sides of neck and cinnamon brown below.<br />
 +
The feet, iris and orbital skin are red. <br />
 +
'''The female''' has a dull cinnamon brown plumage.
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====Similar Species====
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The male is distinct from other African pigeons such as [[Ring-necked Dove]] and [[African Mourning Dove]] for its terrestrial habit and for having a white face and forecrown.
 +
 
 +
==Distribution==
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[[Image:Lemon_Dove.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Photo by the late '''[http://www.birdforum.net/gallery/showgallery.php/ppuser/39695/cat/500 Jan Van den Broeck]'''<br /> St-Lucia, [[South Africa]], 2005]]
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[[Africa]]:<br />
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'''Western Africa''': [[Guinea]], [[Sierra Leone]], [[Liberia]], [[Nigeria]], [[Central African Republic]], [[Equatorial Guinea]], [[Democratic Republic of Congo]]<br />
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'''Eastern Africa''': [[Sudan]], [[South Sudan]], [[Eritrea]], [[Ethiopia]], [[Kenya]], [[Uganda]], [[Rwanda]], [[Tanzania]], [[Zambia]], [[Mozambique]], [[Malawi]]<br />
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'''Southern Africa''': [[Zimbabwe]], [[South Africa]], [[KwaZulu-Natal]], [[eSwatini]],<br />
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'''African Islands''': Gulf of Guinea Islands: [[Bioko]] (Fernando Po), [[Sao Tome]], [[Principe]]
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In southern Africa it is confined to the eastern and southern coastal areas.
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==Taxonomy==
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Sometimes placed in the genus ''Aplopelia''.<br />
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====Subspecies====
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[[Image:Immature Lemon Dove.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Immature<br />Photo by {{user|jstanleyg|jstanleyg}}<br />Nekemte, [[Ethiopia]], June 2016]]
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*'C. l. inornata'':
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:*[[Sierra Leone]] to [[Liberia]], south-eastern [[Nigeria]], [[Cameroon]], [[Gabon]]; winters to [[Bioko]]
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*'C. l. principalis'':
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:*[[Príncipe]] (Gulf of Guinea)
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*'C. l. bronzina'':
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:*[[Ethiopia]] and south-eastern [[Sudan]] (Boma Hills)
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*'C. l. larvata'':
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:*Southern [[Sudan]] to [[Uganda]], western [[Tanzania]], [[Malawi]] and [[South Africa]]
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==Habitat==
 
==Habitat==
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Understory of lowland and afromontane evergreen forests from sea level to above 2 000m as well as in the alien pine and oak plantations of the Western Cape, South Africa.
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Understory of lowland and afromontane evergreen forests from sea level to above 2 000m as well as in the alien pine and oak plantations of the Western Cape, South Africa.  
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==Diet==
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==Behaviour==
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Forages among leaf litter, sometimes in deep shade beneath dense undergrowth, picking up seeds and fallen small fruits. The diet also consists out of mollusks and insects.
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It forages, solitarily or in pairs, in leaf litter on the forest floor. Its restless scratching and scrabbling in forest litter may alert the astute observer to its presence. It has been recorded as feeding on seeds, berries, insects, molluscs, bulbs and tubers. They are particularly fond of bamboo seeds.
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==Breeding==
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====Breeding====
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Solitary nester building flat platforms out of twigs and rootlets or pine needles. The female usually lays two creamy white eggs.
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A solitary nester, they construct a flat platform nest out of twigs and rootlets or pine needles. The female usually lays 2 creamy white eggs.
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==References==
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#{{Ref-Clements6thAug15}}#Avibase
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#Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved June 2016)
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#Maclean (1993) ''Roberts' Birds of Southern Africa'' 6th edition. Trustees of the John Voelcker Bird Book Fund: Cape Town.
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#BF Member observations
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{{ref}}
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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{{GSearch|Columba+larvata}}
  
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[[Category:Birds]]
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[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Columba]]

Latest revision as of 10:29, 14 November 2021

Alternative names: Forest Dove (C. l. simplex), Cinnamon Dove

Photo by peterday
Wondo Genet, Ethiopia, November 2013
Columba larvata

Identification

25-29 cm (9¾-11½ in)
Dark brown plumage, black bill, glossed green on sides of neck and cinnamon brown below.
The feet, iris and orbital skin are red.
The female has a dull cinnamon brown plumage.

Similar Species

The male is distinct from other African pigeons such as Ring-necked Dove and African Mourning Dove for its terrestrial habit and for having a white face and forecrown.

Distribution

Photo by the late Jan Van den Broeck
St-Lucia, South Africa, 2005

Africa:
Western Africa: Guinea, Sierra Leone, Liberia, Nigeria, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Democratic Republic of Congo
Eastern Africa: Sudan, South Sudan, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Tanzania, Zambia, Mozambique, Malawi
Southern Africa: Zimbabwe, South Africa, KwaZulu-Natal, eSwatini,
African Islands: Gulf of Guinea Islands: Bioko (Fernando Po), Sao Tome, Principe

In southern Africa it is confined to the eastern and southern coastal areas.

Taxonomy

Sometimes placed in the genus Aplopelia.

Subspecies

Immature
Photo by jstanleyg
Nekemte, Ethiopia, June 2016
  • 'C. l. inornata:
  • 'C. l. principalis:
  • 'C. l. bronzina:
  • 'C. l. larvata:

Habitat

Understory of lowland and afromontane evergreen forests from sea level to above 2 000m as well as in the alien pine and oak plantations of the Western Cape, South Africa.

Behaviour

It forages, solitarily or in pairs, in leaf litter on the forest floor. Its restless scratching and scrabbling in forest litter may alert the astute observer to its presence. It has been recorded as feeding on seeds, berries, insects, molluscs, bulbs and tubers. They are particularly fond of bamboo seeds.

Breeding

A solitary nester, they construct a flat platform nest out of twigs and rootlets or pine needles. The female usually lays 2 creamy white eggs.

References

  1. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2015. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2015, with updates to August 2015. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
  2. Avibase
  3. Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved June 2016)
  4. Maclean (1993) Roberts' Birds of Southern Africa 6th edition. Trustees of the John Voelcker Bird Book Fund: Cape Town.
  5. BF Member observations

Recommended Citation

External Links

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