• Welcome to BirdForum, the internet's largest birding community with thousands of members from all over the world. The forums are dedicated to wild birds, birding, binoculars and equipment and all that goes with it.

    Please register for an account to take part in the discussions in the forum, post your pictures in the gallery and more.
Where premium quality meets exceptional value. ZEISS Conquest HDX.

Difference between revisions of "Pygmy Cupwing" - BirdForum Opus

Page Discussion
View source History
m (Njlarsen moved page Pygmy Wren-Babbler to Pygmy Cupwing over redirect: consensus change Clements and IOC)
 
(25 intermediate revisions by 9 users not shown)
Line 1: Line 1:
−
'''Alternative names: Brown Wren Babbler; Lesser Scaly-breasted Wren Babbler; Taiwan Wren Babbler (formosana)'''
+
'''Alternative names: Brown Wren-Babbler; Lesser Scaly-breasted Wren-Babbler; Pygmy Wren-Babbler'''
 +
[[Image:Pygmy_Wren_Babbler.jpg|thumb|500px|right|ssp ''pusilla''<br />Photo by {{user|Ayuwat+J|Ayuwat J}}<br />[[Doi Inthanon National Park]], Chiangmai, [[Thailand]]]]
 
;[[:Category:Pnoepyga|Pnoepyga]] pusilla
 
;[[:Category:Pnoepyga|Pnoepyga]] pusilla
−
[[Image:Pygmy_Wren_Babbler.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by Ayuwat<br />Photo taken: Doi Inthanon, Chiangmai, [[Thailand]]]]
 
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
−
With 7.5 - 9cm a tiny, almost tailless Babbler with two morphs.<br />
+
With 7.5 - 9cm (3-3½ in) a tiny, almost tailless Babbler with two morphs.<br />
 
Pale morph:
 
Pale morph:
 
* From crown to rump greyish olive-brown with dark scaling
 
* From crown to rump greyish olive-brown with dark scaling
−
* Head side greyish olive-brown too, ear-coverts with pale shaft streaks
+
* Head side greyish olive-brown too, ear-[[Topography#General Anatomy|coverts]] with pale shaft streaks
 
* Chin and throat white with narrow scaling
 
* Chin and throat white with narrow scaling
 
* Breast and belly white with scaly effect
 
* Breast and belly white with scaly effect
−
 
+
<br />
 
Dark morph:
 
Dark morph:
 +
[[Image:Pygmywrenbabtimor.jpg|thumb|350px|right|ssp ''timorensis''<br />Photo by {{user|James+Eaton|James Eaton}}<br />West Timor, [[Indonesia]], July 2011]]
 
* Darker olive brown above
 
* Darker olive brown above
 
* White below replaced with ochre
 
* White below replaced with ochre
−
 
+
====Similar Species====
−
Can be confused with [[Scaly-breasted Wren Babbler]] or [[Nepal Wren Babbler]] where ranges overlap.
+
Can be confused with [[Scaly-breasted Cupwing]] or [[Nepal Cupwing]] where ranges overlap.
 
==Distribution==
 
==Distribution==
 
{| cellpadding="5"
 
{| cellpadding="5"
 
|-
 
|-
 
| rowspan=2 valign="center"|
 
| rowspan=2 valign="center"|
−
|Found in SE-Asia. In the [[Himalayas]] from [[Nepal]] over Sikkim and [[Bhutan]] to NE [[India]], including Hill States, [[Myanmar]] and to S [[China]]. Also on [[Taiwan]], in [[Indochina]], S [[Vietnam]], S [[Thailand]] and the [[Malay Peninsula]], [[Sumatra]], [[Java]], [[Flores]] and [[West Timor]]<br />
+
|Found in South-east-[[Asia]].
 +
 
 +
In the [[Himalayas]] from [[Nepal]] over Sikkim and [[Bhutan]] to north-eastern [[India]], including Hill States, [[Myanmar]] and to southern [[China]]. Also in [[Indochina]], southern [[Vietnam]], southern [[Thailand]] and the [[Malay Peninsula]], [[Sumatra]], [[Java]], [[Flores]] and [[West Timor]].
 +
 
 
Common in parts of its range.
 
Common in parts of its range.
 
[[Image:Maps-PygmyWrenBabbler.png|450px|left]]
 
[[Image:Maps-PygmyWrenBabbler.png|450px|left]]
Line 31: Line 35:
 
'''<font color="#00FF33" style="background-color: black">•</font>''' ''P. p. everetti''; year-round<br />
 
'''<font color="#00FF33" style="background-color: black">•</font>''' ''P. p. everetti''; year-round<br />
 
'''<font color="#FF6600" style="background-color: black">•</font>''' ''P. p. timorensis''; year-round<br />
 
'''<font color="#FF6600" style="background-color: black">•</font>''' ''P. p. timorensis''; year-round<br />
−
'''<font color="#FFFF33" style="background-color: black">•</font>''' ''P. p. formosana''; year-round<br />
+
'''<font color="#FFFF33" style="background-color: black">•</font>''' ''P. p. formosana''; year-round (now full species: [[Taiwan Cupwing]])<br />
 
<font size="1">Maps/Texts consulted<sup>[[#References|1]],[[#References|2]]</sup></font>
 
<font size="1">Maps/Texts consulted<sup>[[#References|1]],[[#References|2]]</sup></font>
 
|}
 
|}
 +
[[Image:Pygmy-wren Babbler-1.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''harterti''<br />Photo by {{user|Ken+Doy|Ken Doy}}<br />Fraser's Hill, [[Malaysia]], March 2019]]
 
==Taxonomy==
 
==Taxonomy==
−
Clements<sup>[[#References|3]]</sup> accepts eight subspecies:
+
 
 +
====Subspecies====
 +
Clements<sup>[[#References|3]]</sup> accepts seven subspecies:
 
* ''P. p. pusilla'' in the [[Himalayas]], [[Myanmar]], [[China]] and N [[Thailand]]
 
* ''P. p. pusilla'' in the [[Himalayas]], [[Myanmar]], [[China]] and N [[Thailand]]
 
* ''P. p. annamensis'' in [[Cambodia]] and S [[Vietnam]]
 
* ''P. p. annamensis'' in [[Cambodia]] and S [[Vietnam]]
−
* ''P. p. harterti'' on the [[Malay Peninsula]]
+
* ''P. p. harterti'' in S. [[Thailand]] and on the [[Malay Peninsula]]
 
* ''P. p. lepida'' on [[Sumatra]]
 
* ''P. p. lepida'' on [[Sumatra]]
 
* ''P. p. rufa'' on [[Java]]
 
* ''P. p. rufa'' on [[Java]]
 
* ''P. p. everetti'' on [[Flores]]
 
* ''P. p. everetti'' on [[Flores]]
 
* ''P. p. timorensis'' on [[Timor]]
 
* ''P. p. timorensis'' on [[Timor]]
−
* ''P. p. formosana'' on [[Taiwan]]
+
The form of [[Timor]] may merit full species status.<sup>[[#References|1]]</sup>
−
The latest is also accepted as full species,''' Taiwan Wren Babbler''' ''Pnoepygna formosana'' or alternatively placed in [[Scaly-breasted Wren Babbler]]. The form of [[Timor]] may also merit full species status.<sup>[[#References|1]]</sup>
 
−
 
 
 
==Habitat==
 
==Habitat==
 
Floor and understorey of broadleaf evergreen forest, mossy boulders, fallen logs, forest ravines, dense fern growth. Generally found between 200 and 3050m. Found in similar habitat like [[Scaly-breasted Wren Babbler]] but on lower altitudes.<sup>[[#References|1]]</sup>
 
Floor and understorey of broadleaf evergreen forest, mossy boulders, fallen logs, forest ravines, dense fern growth. Generally found between 200 and 3050m. Found in similar habitat like [[Scaly-breasted Wren Babbler]] but on lower altitudes.<sup>[[#References|1]]</sup>
 
==Behaviour==
 
==Behaviour==
−
More often heard than seen. Forages on the ground, sometimes up to 2m in trees, feeding on ants, other insects and spiders.<br />
+
More often heard than seen.<br />
−
Breeding season differs through range, March to September in northern parts, July to May in Java, November to December in Sumatra. The nest is a ball of moss or a built-in structure made of long strands of green moss, the inner part formed to a cup. It's placed in moss, orchids, ferns or creepers hanging down from large trees, close to the ground. Lays 2 - 6 eggs.<br />
+
====Diet====
 +
Forages on the ground, sometimes up to 2m in trees, feeding on ants, other insects and spiders.
 +
====Breeding====
 +
Breeding season differs through range, March to September in northern parts, July to May in Java, November to December in Sumatra. The nest is a ball of moss or a built-in structure made of long strands of green moss, the inner part formed to a cup. It's placed in moss, orchids, ferns or creepers hanging down from large trees, close to the ground. Lays 2 - 6 eggs.
 +
====Movements====
 
Resident species with some local altitudinal movements.<sup>[[#References|1]]</sup>
 
Resident species with some local altitudinal movements.<sup>[[#References|1]]</sup>
 +
====Vocalisation====
 +
{{ Audio|Pygmy Wren Babbler Moxi.mp3 }}
 +
 +
 +
{{ Audio|Pygmy Wren Babbler song Wawu.mp3 }}
 +
 +
The characteristic three blind mice song of this bird (sometimes it'll sing just the first two notes).<br />
 +
Recordings by {{user|china+guy|china guy}}, Sichuan, [[China]], August 2011
 
==References==
 
==References==
−
# del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A. and Christie, D.A. eds. 2007. ''Handbook of the Birds of the World. Vol. 12. Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees''. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 84-96553-42-6
+
#{{Ref-HBWVol12}}#{{Ref-RasmussenAnderton05}}#{{Ref-Clements6thOct22}}#{{Ref-GillDonskerRasmussen22V13.2}}
−
# Rasmussen, P.C. and Anderton, J.C. 2005. ''Birds of South Asia''. The Ripley Guide. Washington D.C. and Barcelona: Smithsonian Institution and Lynx Editions. ISBN 84-87334-67-9
+
{{Ref}}
−
# Clements James F. 2007. ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World''. 6th ed., with updates to October 2007. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780801445019
 
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
−
{{GSearch|Pnoepyga+pusilla}}
+
{{GSearch|"Pnoepyga pusilla" {{!}} "Pygmy Wren-Babbler" {{!}} "Brown Wren-Babbler" {{!}} "Lesser Scaly-breasted Wren-Babbler" {{!}} "Pygmy Cupwing"}}
−
*[http://orientalbirdimages.org/search.php?action=searchresult&Bird_ID=1540  View more images of this species on Orientalbirdimages]
+
{{GS-checked}}1
−
[[Category:Birds]][[Category:Pnoepyga]][[Category:Maps]]
+
<br />
 +
<br />
 +
*[http://www.arthurgrosset.com/asiabirds/pygmywren-babbler.html Arthur Grosset's Birds]
 +
 
 +
[[Category:Birds]][[Category:Pnoepyga]][[Category:Maps]] [[Category:Bird Songs]]

Latest revision as of 01:32, 6 September 2023

Alternative names: Brown Wren-Babbler; Lesser Scaly-breasted Wren-Babbler; Pygmy Wren-Babbler

ssp pusilla
Photo by Ayuwat J
Doi Inthanon National Park, Chiangmai, Thailand
Pnoepyga pusilla

Identification

With 7.5 - 9cm (3-3½ in) a tiny, almost tailless Babbler with two morphs.
Pale morph:

  • From crown to rump greyish olive-brown with dark scaling
  • Head side greyish olive-brown too, ear-coverts with pale shaft streaks
  • Chin and throat white with narrow scaling
  • Breast and belly white with scaly effect


Dark morph:

ssp timorensis
Photo by James Eaton
West Timor, Indonesia, July 2011
  • Darker olive brown above
  • White below replaced with ochre

Similar Species

Can be confused with Scaly-breasted Cupwing or Nepal Cupwing where ranges overlap.

Distribution

Found in South-east-Asia.

In the Himalayas from Nepal over Sikkim and Bhutan to north-eastern India, including Hill States, Myanmar and to southern China. Also in Indochina, southern Vietnam, southern Thailand and the Malay Peninsula, Sumatra, Java, Flores and West Timor.

Common in parts of its range.

Maps-PygmyWrenBabbler.png
Legend

• P. p. pusilla; year-round
• P. p. annamensis; year-round
• P. p. harterti; year-round
• P. p. lepida; year-round
• P. p. rufa; year-round
• P. p. everetti; year-round
• P. p. timorensis; year-round
• P. p. formosana; year-round (now full species: Taiwan Cupwing)
Maps/Texts consulted1,2

Subspecies harterti
Photo by Ken Doy
Fraser's Hill, Malaysia, March 2019

Taxonomy

Subspecies

Clements3 accepts seven subspecies:

The form of Timor may merit full species status.1

Habitat

Floor and understorey of broadleaf evergreen forest, mossy boulders, fallen logs, forest ravines, dense fern growth. Generally found between 200 and 3050m. Found in similar habitat like Scaly-breasted Wren Babbler but on lower altitudes.1

Behaviour

More often heard than seen.

Diet

Forages on the ground, sometimes up to 2m in trees, feeding on ants, other insects and spiders.

Breeding

Breeding season differs through range, March to September in northern parts, July to May in Java, November to December in Sumatra. The nest is a ball of moss or a built-in structure made of long strands of green moss, the inner part formed to a cup. It's placed in moss, orchids, ferns or creepers hanging down from large trees, close to the ground. Lays 2 - 6 eggs.

Movements

Resident species with some local altitudinal movements.1

Vocalisation


The characteristic three blind mice song of this bird (sometimes it'll sing just the first two notes).
Recordings by china guy, Sichuan, China, August 2011

References

  1. Del Hoyo, J, A Elliott, and D Christie, eds. 2007. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 12: Picathartes to Tits and Chickadees. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-8496553422
  2. Rasmussen, PC and JC Anderton. 2005. Birds of South Asia: The Ripley Guide. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-8487334672
  3. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2022. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2022. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
  4. Gill, F, D Donsker, and P Rasmussen (Eds). 2023. IOC World Bird List (v 13.2). Doi 10.14344/IOC.ML.13.2. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/

Recommended Citation

External Links

GSearch checked for 2020 platform.1

Retrieved from ‘https://www.birdforum.net/wiki/index.php?title=Pygmy_Cupwing&oldid=268438’
Back
Top