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West Niles Virus (1 Viewer)

weather

Pirate name: Poncy Henry Goodfellow
Hey all,

We already have our first case of West Niles here in Ohio. This virus decimated our crow and hawk population a few years back. I was just wondering if other areas have had this problem and how wide spread it is?

Thanks,
Mike



All About West Nile Virus
What Is It?

West Nile is a virus that can cause illnesses or fatal encephalitis (also called inflammation of the brain) in people, horses, many types of birds and possibly other animals. It spreads through the bites of infected mosquitoes, but there is no evidence to suggest that it can be spread from person to person or from animal to person.

Where Did It Come From?

The virus has been commonly found in humans and birds and other animals in Africa, Eastern Europe, West Asia and the Middle East. But it wasn't reported in the Western Hemisphere until 1999. It is not known from where the U.S. virus originated, but it is most closely related to strains found in the Middle East.

Symptoms

If a human is infected with the virus, it multiplies in the person's blood system and crosses the blood-brain barrier to reach the brain. Symptoms include fever, headache and body aches, occasionally with skin rash and swollen lymph glands, although some people have no symptoms. There is no vaccine against West Nile encephalitis, although several companies are working to develop one. Less than 1 percent of those infected with West Nile virus will develop severe illness.

Protect Yourself

Cases of human illness from West Nile virus have been rare, and the odds of becoming ill from a mosquito bite are low. Reduce your chances further by avoiding mosquito bites:
Eliminate standing water from around your home.
Always wear repellent, even on thin clothing.
Wear long-sleeved shirts and long pants whenever you are outdoors.
Stay indoors during peak mosquito hours (dawn, dusk and early evening).
Repellents may irritate the eyes and mouth, so avoid applying repellent to the hands of children.

Eliminate Mosquitoes Around Home


You can reduce the number of mosquitoes around your home and neighborhood by reducing the amount of standing water available for mosquito breeding. Here are some simple steps you can take:
Dispose of tin cans, plastic containers, ceramic pots, or similar water-holding containers on your property.
Pay special attention to discarded tires. That is where lots of mosquitoes breed.
Clean clogged roof gutters every year, particularly if the leaves from surrounding trees have a tendency to plug up the drains. Millions of mosquitoes can breed in roof gutters each season.
Turn over plastic wading pools when not in use. A wading pool becomes a place for mosquitoes to breed.
Turn over wheelbarrows and do not let water stagnate in birdbaths. Both provide breeding habitats for domestic mosquitoes.
Aerate ornamental pools or stock them with fish. Water gardens can become major mosquito producers if they are allowed to stagnate.
Clean and chlorinate swimming pools when not in use. A swimming pool left untended by a family on vacation for a month can produce enough mosquitoes to infest an entire neighborhood. Mosquitoes may even breed in the water that collects on pool covers.
Use landscaping to eliminate standing water that collects on your property. Mosquitoes may breed in any puddle that lasts for more than four days.
Make sure that doors and windows have tight-fitting screens. Repair or replace screens that have tears or holes in them.
Stock permanent ponds or fountains with fish that eat mosquito larvae.
Check around faucets and air conditioner units and repair leaks, eliminating puddles that remain for several days.

If You Find A Dead Bird ...

Many people now know that the virus can kill many types of birds and that dead birds in your neighborhood may mean that mosquitoes carrying the virus are in the area. Most of the time, the bird's death was not caused by the virus. However, if you see a dead bird, you should tell your local or state health department. They may choose to pick up and test the bird for the virus.
 
Hi Mike,

It has probably been present throughout the Old World for a very long time - tests on wild birds in Britain (including recently fledged juveniles) showed that the majority have antibodies to the virus, but as they don't show visible signs of disease, they must be nearly immune to it.

Since they don't become sick with it, it also means they don't pass the disease on to other animals or people.

I suspect birds in the US will evolve resistance in a few years, and then the disease will seem to disappear.

Michael
 
That's nice to know michael. I wonder why the news people didn't tell us that, or did they, and I just missed it?

Thanks,
Mike
 
I haven't seen a crow or blue jay in St. Louis in a couple years...the only blue jay I saw all last year was dead in my driveway. This year I've seen several blue jays here in northern Missouri, but still no crows. I used to get annoyed by the sight of crows all the time, but, to be honest, I kind of miss seeing them now. Hopefully they'll start making a strong comeback soon
 
This virus has moved into Manitoba, Saskatchewan and Alberta. Forecasts believe it may jump over the mountains into British Columbia this year. Last year six people died from the infections here in Sask. There are a number of people still recovering from it and have paralysis of limbs as a result. Here in Northern Saskatchewan our skitters do not carry the virus but we do have a few of the type that do. I haven't heard of a confirmed case in wildlife here yet (fingers crossed).
 
My part of northeastern Indiana was very hard hit two summers ago -- and the 2-3 families of crows who lived in my wooded neighborhood were felled by it. Other than the occasional flyover, crows haven't been seen in my neighborhood since early August, 2002.

I live in Allen County, Indiana, and at one point in the late summer of 2002, we were thought to have one of the highest avian (and human) infection rates in the country.

While the infection rate was lower in 2003, it was still here in abundance -- one county park, a wonderful birding area, has always been known for its ravenous mosquitos in the summer, and was at one point closed for several weeks.

Crows have largely repopulated the area -- I see them frequently in other areas of town, but unfortunately, not in my neighborhood. I miss them!

Jays were hard hit close to home, too, but they seem to have come back. I can't say the same for the chickadees and titmouses, tho.

Raptors in the general area were very hard hit in the summer of 2002 -- our local raptor rehab organization was inundated with sick and dying birds, and a magnificent golden eagle -- Sullivan -- we had as a education bird at the time died from it.

Raptors seem to have recovered quite well here, tho -- and red-tails especially seem fairly numerous this spring so far.

But there are already warnings appearing in the local newspapers, saying that while it is impossible to predict how much of the virus we may or may not see, it hasn't gone away.
 
weather said:
That's nice to know michael. I wonder why the news people didn't tell us that, or did they, and I just missed it?

Thanks,
Mike
It was reported somewhere because I remember reading it.
We don't have WNV here yet. My understanding is that it is present across most of the rest of Canada, the exceptions being here, BC, Nfd Lab., and the the territories.
I find it really interesting that I can inoculate my donkeys against it (I gave them their annual anti-WNV shots last week) but there is no preventative developed to protect humans. Um... perhaps priorities aren't as badly screwed up after all. There are definitely too many people and not enough (four legged) donkeys. ;)
 
Mr. Frankis:
Bully for you that your avian friends have developed antibodies that protect them from WNV, and speed the day it happens in North America. Perhaps you could visit with the families of the people who have died of WNV in South Dakota and explain to them that its really just scaremongering?
Paul Burgers
Sioux Falls,SD
 
Hi Paul,

You get human casualties, because American birds are not immune to WNV, so they build up very high levels of infection. People are not easily infected by WNV; it takes a very large dose of virus to do so, and that sadly is what you've been getting in the first wave of infection.

As American birds develop resistance over the next few years, transmission to people should thankfully become a lot rarer.

What I am calling scaremongering is the way the papers want to frighten people into thinking that the disease will continue to be rampant into the distant future. I agree that the immediate present situation is very unpleasant, and would not want to belittle it.

Michael
 
I just re-read my earlier post and hadn't realized that it came off as sounding quite as sarcastic as it is. Sorry Michael. Anyway thanks for the clarification, and I do mean the part about hoping this thing loses its steam pretty soon.
Paul
SFSD
 
Hi Paul,

Thanks; I'm fairly confident it will lose its steam fairly fast - Beverly's crow and raptor numbers recovering so soon seems to indicate the hopes are good

Michael
 
I guess the saddest part of the whole scenario is that last year (after a casualty or two) it was decided that wholesale spraying of insecticide was the answer to the problem. So spray it was, from airplanes and trucks going up and down the neighborhoods. Nevermind that this is, in all probability, the least effective means of controlling mosquitoes imaginable. Sure did a fine job on the butterflies though! So I guess maybe scaremongering isn't to strong a word after all! I am glad to report that this year an honest effort is being made to let people know the REAL methods proven to control skeeter numbers. (clean gutters, eliminate any sources of standing water, etc). Maybe this year will be brighter after all!
Paul
SFSD
 
Here in Colorado last year we had over 50 human deaths and the highest infection numbers of all states combined. It appears to be heading west, so west coast look out. The only thing I've noticed in se Colorado is a lower numbers of Black-capped chickadees and Bewick's Wrens. Crows and blue jays numbers appear to be normal. Van
 
Hi Van,

The Bewick's Wrens could be declining because of agricultural intensification - they've been declining in the more intensively farmed east for a long time.

Michael
 
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