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Difference between revisions of "Parasitic Jaeger" - BirdForum Opus

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{{incomplete}}
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'''Alternative names: Arctic Skua, Parasitic Skua'''
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[[Image:Parasitic_Jaeger.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Adult dark morph<br />Photo &copy; by {{user|IanF|IanF}}<br /> Cleveland, [[UK]], 22nd July 2003]]
 
;[[:Category:Stercorarius|Stercorarius]] parasiticus
 
;[[:Category:Stercorarius|Stercorarius]] parasiticus
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[[Image:Parasitic_Jaeger.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by IanF<br>Photographed at Cleveland, UK]]
 
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==Identification==
 
==Identification==
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Also known as Arctic or Parasitic Skua
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[[Image:Juv flight 21IMG 6055ao.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile in flight<br />Photo &copy; by {{user|IanF|IanF}}<br />Juvenile, Seaton Snook, Cleveland, [[UK]], 31 August 2006 ]]
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41-48 cm (16-19") including pointed tail projection<br />
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*Elongated central tail feathers (just noticeable in juveniles).
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*White wing flash<br />
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'''Dark Morph''' and Young are brown apart from the whitish patch near wing tip.<br />
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'''Light Morph''' have creamy-white underparts, cheeks and neck (barred brown in winter) and a dark cap.<br />
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'''Intermediates''' have variable amounts of light and dark plumage: some are brown with dark cap, others brown with yellow neck-ring.
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*In the North Atlantic, light morphs predominate at higher latitudes while in dark morphs predominate further south. The genetics of the polymorphism is more complex than previously believed. It involves three different linked non-synonymous mutations at the plumage color locus rather than the single mutation previously known<sup>[[#References|[3]]]</sup>.
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====Similar Species====
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[[Pomarine Jaeger]], [[Long-tailed Jaeger]].
  
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41 cm length.  Light phase adults brown back, mainly white underparts and dark primary wing feathers with a white "flash". The head and neck yellow-white, black cap and pointed central tail projection. Dark phase adults dark brown, and intermediate phase birds are dark with paler underparts, head and neck. All phases have the white wing flash.
 
 
==Distribution==
 
==Distribution==
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[[Alaska]], [[Canada]], [[Greenland]], [[Iceland]], [[Scandinavia]], and northern [[Russia]].  
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[[Alaska]], [[Canada]], [[Greenland]], [[Iceland]], [[Scandinavia]], and northern [[Russia]]. Winters at sea in southern oceans.
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==Taxonomy==
 
==Taxonomy==
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Monotypic<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>
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[[Image:Arctic Skua.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Adult, light morph in flight<br />Photo &copy; by {{user|Terry+W|Terry W}} <br />[[Handa Island]], [[Scotland]], 14 June 2007]]
 
==Habitat==
 
==Habitat==
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Dry tundra, higher fells and islands.
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Breeds on dry tundra, higher fells and islands. Otherwise pelagic but close to land.
 
==Behaviour==
 
==Behaviour==
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Up to four olive-brown eggs are laid.
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Bird Forum thread for jizz and behaviour-based [http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?t=15951 ID tips]
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====Flight====
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Rather hawk-like and bouyant. Chases other birds.
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====Breeding====
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Breeds in loose colonies<br />
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Up to four olive-brown eggs are laid on the ground.
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====Diet====
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[[Image:Artic Skua MG 0610-2-1.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Adult, dark morph<br />Photo &copy; by{{user|Tichodroma|Tichodroma}}<br />[[Iceland ]], 30 June 2007 ]]
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Diet includes lemmings and other rodents. Robs other birds of their fish catch.
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===Vocalisation===
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{{ Audio|Stercorarius parasiticus (song).mp3 }}
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''[[Media:Stercorarius parasiticus (song).mp3|Parasitic Jaeger voice clip]]''
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==References==
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#{{Ref-Clements6thAug18}}#Furness, R.W., Boesman, P. & Garcia, E.F.J. (2018). Arctic Jaeger (''Stercorarius parasiticus''). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/53959 on 3 September 2018).
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#Janssen, K. and Mundy, N. I. (2013), Molecular population genetics of the melanic plumage polymorphism in Arctic skuas (Stercorarius parasiticus): evidence for divergent selection on plumage colour. Mol Ecol, 22: 4634-4643. doi:10.1111/mec.12428
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#Wiley, R. H. and D. S. Lee (1999). Parasitic Jaeger (Stercorarius parasiticus), version 2.0. In The Birds of North America (A. F. Poole and F. B. Gill, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.445
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#Wikipedia contributors. (2018, August 22). Parasitic jaeger. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 09:43, September 3, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parasitic_jaeger&oldid=855960808
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#[http://www.answers.com Answers.com]
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#Birdwatchers Pocket Guide ISBN 1-85732-804-3
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#Collins Pocket Guide to British Birds 1966
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#Collins Field Guide 5th Edition
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{{ref}}
  
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Diet includes lemmings and other rodents
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==External Links==
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{{GSearch|"Stercorarius parasiticus" {{!}} "Parasitic Jaeger" {{!}} "Arctic Skua" {{!}} "Parasitic Skua"}}
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{{GS-checked}}1
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<br />
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<br />
  
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Jizz and behaviour-based [[http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?t=15951 ID tips]]
 
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==Bird Song==
 
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<flashmp3>Stercorarius parasiticus (song).mp3</flashmp3><br />
 
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''[[Media:Stercorarius parasiticus (song).mp3|Listen in an external program]]''
 
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==External Links==
 
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{{GSearch|Stercorarius+parasiticus}}
 
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*[http://www.aviceda.org/abid/birdimages.php?action=birdspecies&fid=41&bid=518 View more images of this species on the ABID]
 
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*[http://www.orientalbirdimages.org/birdimages.php?action=birdspecies&Bird_ID=937&Bird_Image_ID=1256&Bird_Family_ID=102 View more images of this species on Orientalbirdimages]
 
 
[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Stercorarius]] [[Category:Bird Songs]]
 
[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Stercorarius]] [[Category:Bird Songs]]

Latest revision as of 20:33, 2 February 2023

Alternative names: Arctic Skua, Parasitic Skua

Adult dark morph
Photo © by IanF
Cleveland, UK, 22nd July 2003
Stercorarius parasiticus

Identification

Juvenile in flight
Photo © by IanF
Juvenile, Seaton Snook, Cleveland, UK, 31 August 2006

41-48 cm (16-19") including pointed tail projection

  • Elongated central tail feathers (just noticeable in juveniles).
  • White wing flash

Dark Morph and Young are brown apart from the whitish patch near wing tip.
Light Morph have creamy-white underparts, cheeks and neck (barred brown in winter) and a dark cap.
Intermediates have variable amounts of light and dark plumage: some are brown with dark cap, others brown with yellow neck-ring.

  • In the North Atlantic, light morphs predominate at higher latitudes while in dark morphs predominate further south. The genetics of the polymorphism is more complex than previously believed. It involves three different linked non-synonymous mutations at the plumage color locus rather than the single mutation previously known[3].

Similar Species

Pomarine Jaeger, Long-tailed Jaeger.

Distribution

Alaska, Canada, Greenland, Iceland, Scandinavia, and northern Russia. Winters at sea in southern oceans.

Taxonomy

Monotypic[1]

Adult, light morph in flight
Photo © by Terry W
Handa Island, Scotland, 14 June 2007

Habitat

Breeds on dry tundra, higher fells and islands. Otherwise pelagic but close to land.

Behaviour

Bird Forum thread for jizz and behaviour-based ID tips

Flight

Rather hawk-like and bouyant. Chases other birds.

Breeding

Breeds in loose colonies
Up to four olive-brown eggs are laid on the ground.

Diet

Adult, dark morph
Photo © byTichodroma
Iceland , 30 June 2007

Diet includes lemmings and other rodents. Robs other birds of their fish catch.

Vocalisation

Parasitic Jaeger voice clip

References

  1. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2018. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2018. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
  2. Furness, R.W., Boesman, P. & Garcia, E.F.J. (2018). Arctic Jaeger (Stercorarius parasiticus). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from https://www.hbw.com/node/53959 on 3 September 2018).
  3. Janssen, K. and Mundy, N. I. (2013), Molecular population genetics of the melanic plumage polymorphism in Arctic skuas (Stercorarius parasiticus): evidence for divergent selection on plumage colour. Mol Ecol, 22: 4634-4643. doi:10.1111/mec.12428
  4. Wiley, R. H. and D. S. Lee (1999). Parasitic Jaeger (Stercorarius parasiticus), version 2.0. In The Birds of North America (A. F. Poole and F. B. Gill, Editors). Cornell Lab of Ornithology, Ithaca, NY, USA. https://doi.org/10.2173/bna.445
  5. Wikipedia contributors. (2018, August 22). Parasitic jaeger. In Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Retrieved 09:43, September 3, 2018, from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Parasitic_jaeger&oldid=855960808
  6. Answers.com
  7. Birdwatchers Pocket Guide ISBN 1-85732-804-3
  8. Collins Pocket Guide to British Birds 1966
  9. Collins Field Guide 5th Edition

Recommended Citation

External Links

GSearch checked for 2020 platform.1

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