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*White eyestripe in summer male; buff in female and winter male | *White eyestripe in summer male; buff in female and winter male | ||
*Chestnut nape (duller in winter and juveniles) | *Chestnut nape (duller in winter and juveniles) | ||
| + | [[Image:Calcarius lapponicus by Rapala.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Female or immature<br />Photo by {{user|Rapala|Rapala}}<br />Whitefish Point, [[Michigan]]; September 2013.]] | ||
*Greater coverts on wing chestnut with pale tips forming a chestnut panel and weak whitish wingbar | *Greater coverts on wing chestnut with pale tips forming a chestnut panel and weak whitish wingbar | ||
*White underparts | *White underparts | ||
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==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | |||
Arctic [[Europe]], [[Asia]], and [[North America]], breeding on tundra and wintering further south on coasts, steppes and open grassland, including stubble fields. | Arctic [[Europe]], [[Asia]], and [[North America]], breeding on tundra and wintering further south on coasts, steppes and open grassland, including stubble fields. | ||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| − | + | ====Subspecies==== | |
| − | *''C. l. lapponicus'' | + | This is a [[Dictionary_M-S#P|polytypic]] species consisting of 3 subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: |
| − | *''C. l. coloratus'' - | + | *''C. l. lapponicus'': |
| − | *''C. l. alascensis'' | + | :*Breeds northern [[Canada]] (except far north-west), northern [[Europe]], northern [[Asia]] (except far north-east). |
| + | *''C. l. coloratus'': Darker and slightly larger than nominate. | ||
| + | :*Breeds far north-eastern Asia (Kamchatka and nearby areas). | ||
| + | *''C. l. alascensis'': Paler than nominate. | ||
| + | :*Breeds northern and western [[Alaska]], far north-western [[Canada[[. | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
| Line 33: | Line 37: | ||
Includes insects when feeding young, and otherwise seeds. | Includes insects when feeding young, and otherwise seeds. | ||
====Breeding==== | ====Breeding==== | ||
| − | The nest is on the ground. 2-4 eggs | + | The nest is on the ground. The clutch consists of 2-4 eggs. |
==Vocalisation== | ==Vocalisation== | ||
| − | The most common flight call is a hard ''prrrrt'' usually preceded by a more nasal ''teeww''.<br/> | + | The most common flight call is a hard ''prrrrt'' usually preceded by a more nasal ''teeww''.<br /> |
When breeding, it also makes a softer ''duyyeee'' followed by a pause and a ''triiiuuu''; both sounds alternate. | When breeding, it also makes a softer ''duyyeee'' followed by a pause and a ''triiiuuu''; both sounds alternate. | ||
| Line 43: | Line 47: | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | #{{Ref-HBWVol16}}#{{Ref-Clements6thAug11}}#{{Ref-GillDonsker14V4.3}} | + | #{{Ref-HBWVol16}}#{{Ref-Clements6thAug11}}#{{Ref-GillDonsker14V4.3}}#Absolute Astronomy |
{{ref}} | {{ref}} | ||
Revision as of 23:54, 11 October 2015
Alternative name: Lapland Bunting
- Calcarius lapponicus
Identification
Length 15.6-17 cm, weight 23-35 g
- Thick yellow bill with dark tip
- Legs usually dark brown
- Black head and throat in summer male; orange-brown in female and winter male
- White eyestripe in summer male; buff in female and winter male
- Chestnut nape (duller in winter and juveniles)
- Greater coverts on wing chestnut with pale tips forming a chestnut panel and weak whitish wingbar
- White underparts
- Heavily streaked, brown-black-grey back
Distribution
Arctic Europe, Asia, and North America, breeding on tundra and wintering further south on coasts, steppes and open grassland, including stubble fields.
Taxonomy
Subspecies
This is a polytypic species consisting of 3 subspecies[1]:
- C. l. lapponicus:
- C. l. coloratus: Darker and slightly larger than nominate.
- Breeds far north-eastern Asia (Kamchatka and nearby areas).
- C. l. alascensis: Paler than nominate.
- Breeds northern and western Alaska, far north-western [[Canada[[.
Habitat
Breeding
Wet areas with birch or willow, and or bare mountains.
Non-breeding
Open grassland or cultivated land or coasts; avoids shrubs and trees.
Behaviour
Diet
Includes insects when feeding young, and otherwise seeds.
Breeding
The nest is on the ground. The clutch consists of 2-4 eggs.
Vocalisation
The most common flight call is a hard prrrrt usually preceded by a more nasal teeww.
When breeding, it also makes a softer duyyeee followed by a pause and a triiiuuu; both sounds alternate.
<flashmp3>Calcarius lapponicus (song).mp3</flashmp3>
Listen in an external program
References
- Del Hoyo, J, A Elliott, and D Christie, eds. 2011. Handbook of the Birds of the World. Volume 16: Tanagers to New World Blackbirds. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions. ISBN 978-8496553781
- Clements, JF. 2011. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. 6th ed., with updates to August 2011. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0801445019. Spreadsheet available at http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/downloadable-clements-checklist
- Gill, F and D Donsker (Eds). 2014. IOC World Bird Names (version 4.3). Available at http://www.worldbirdnames.org/.
- Absolute Astronomy
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Lapland Longspur. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 28 April 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Lapland_Longspur
External Links
The following link looks for Lapland Bunting
