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Difference between revisions of "Eastern Olivaceous Warbler" - BirdForum Opus

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[[Image:Olivaceous_Warbler.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by john-henry<br />(Eastern) Olivaceous Warbler photographed in Lesbos, Greece.]]
 
[[Image:Olivaceous_Warbler.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by john-henry<br />(Eastern) Olivaceous Warbler photographed in Lesbos, Greece.]]
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
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Total length 12-15 cm (4½-6 in). Bill rather long and forehead "flat". Tail relatively long and square-endeed (sides rounded). Primary extention ca. ½ tertial-length. Dull greyish-brown above, whitish below with a dull greyish-brown tinge to flanks and chest. Eye-ring, lores and poorly marked supercilium buffy-white. Upper mandible blackish, lower dull orange-yellow. Western race (''see Taxonomy'') is slightly larger, heavier-billed and browner than the eastern races.
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12-15 cm. Tail relatively long and square-endeed (sides rounded). Dull grey-brown above, white below,  dull grey-brown tinge to flanks and chest. Buffy white eye-ring, lores and poorly marked supercilium. Upper mandible black, lower dull orange-yellow. Western race (''see Taxonomy'') is slightly larger, heavier-billed and browner than the eastern races.
  
 
==Distribution==
 
==Distribution==
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The western subspecies (''see Taxonomy'') breeds in Spain and NW Africa from Western Sahara to NW Libya. Winters in W. Africa (mainly in the Sahel zone). Leave breeding grounds in Jul-Oct. and return in Mar-April (NW Africa) or May (Spain).
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The western subspecies (''see Taxonomy'') breeds in [[Spain]] and NW [[Africa]].  
  
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The eastern subspecies breeds from the Balkans east through Greece, Crete, Cyprus, Turkey, Middle East, the Caucasus, to Iran and Afghanistan. In N. Africa at scattered localities in inland Algeria and Tunesia (possibly also SE Moroccon), N. Libya and in the Nile Delta, Valley and at scattered oases in the west of Egypt. Winter in C. and E. Africa, and SW Arabian peninsula. Leave breeding grounds in Jul-Sept and return in April-May. Resident or only with local movements in N. Somalia and parts of C, NC and NE Africa.
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The eastern subspecies breeds through [[Greece]], [[Crete]], [[Cyprus]], [[Turkey]], [[Middle East]], the [[Caucasus]], [[Iran]] and [[Afghanistan]].  
  
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Vagrants have been recorded widely in the Western Palearctic in the British Isles, France, Germany, Sweden, Finland, Czechoslovakia, Italy, Malta, Canary Islands, Madeira and the Cape Verde Islands. Many of these will not have been subspecifically identified, but most in Europe are probably of the Eastern subspecies. Several older British records have been rejected after a recent review but those that remain (c.10) have been referred to the Eastern subspecies. Most British records have been in the south-west in September-October although there have been records from the Northern Isles and the east coast.
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[[Image:Western_Olivaceous_Warbler.jpg‎|thumb|550px|left|Photo by mehdhalaouate<br />(Western) Olivaceous Warbler photographed in Marrakech, SW Morocco.]]
  
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[[Image:Western_Olivaceous_Warbler.jpg‎|thumb|550px|left|Photo by mehdhalaouate<br />(Western) Olivaceous Warbler photographed in Marrakech, SW Morocco.]]
 
 
==Taxonomy==
 
==Taxonomy==
 
Now commonly split into two species based on mtDNA, song, morphology and behavior:  
 
Now commonly split into two species based on mtDNA, song, morphology and behavior:  
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* Western Olivaceous/Isabelline Warbler (''H. opaca'').  
 
* Western Olivaceous/Isabelline Warbler (''H. opaca'').  
 
* Eastern Olivaceous Warbler (''H. pallida'', with races ''reiseri'', ''elaeica'', ''laeneni'' and ''alulensis'').  
 
* Eastern Olivaceous Warbler (''H. pallida'', with races ''reiseri'', ''elaeica'', ''laeneni'' and ''alulensis'').  
 +
 
==Habitat==
 
==Habitat==
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Wide range of wooded and brushy habitats. Prefers areas with some tall trees and dense undergrowth, but avoids closed forest. Often near water. Fairly common in most of its range, but more scarce in Spain.
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Wide range of wooded and brushy habitats.
  
 
==Behaviour==
 
==Behaviour==
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Feeds on insects and spiders. To lesser extend also fruits. When foraging, the eastern races flick their closed tail up-and-down; a habit lacking in the western race. Generally feeds at high levels, but sometimes lower on migration. The nest is a cup made of plant-material placed fairly low in the fork of a branch. The 3-5 eggs are incubated by the female, but both parents feed the nestlings.
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Diet includes insects and spiders and some fruits.  
 +
 
 +
The nest is a cup made of plant-material placed fairly low in the fork of a branch. 3-5 eggs are laid and  incubated by the female, but both parents feed the nestlings.
  
 
==Bird Song==
 
==Bird Song==

Revision as of 14:28, 9 November 2007

Hippolais pallida

Includes Western Olivaceous/Isabelline Warbler (H. opaca). See section on Taxonomy.

Photo by john-henry
(Eastern) Olivaceous Warbler photographed in Lesbos, Greece.

Identification

12-15 cm. Tail relatively long and square-endeed (sides rounded). Dull grey-brown above, white below, dull grey-brown tinge to flanks and chest. Buffy white eye-ring, lores and poorly marked supercilium. Upper mandible black, lower dull orange-yellow. Western race (see Taxonomy) is slightly larger, heavier-billed and browner than the eastern races.

Distribution

The western subspecies (see Taxonomy) breeds in Spain and NW Africa.

The eastern subspecies breeds through Greece, Crete, Cyprus, Turkey, Middle East, the Caucasus, Iran and Afghanistan.

Photo by mehdhalaouate
(Western) Olivaceous Warbler photographed in Marrakech, SW Morocco.

Taxonomy

Now commonly split into two species based on mtDNA, song, morphology and behavior:

  • Western Olivaceous/Isabelline Warbler (H. opaca).
  • Eastern Olivaceous Warbler (H. pallida, with races reiseri, elaeica, laeneni and alulensis).

Habitat

Wide range of wooded and brushy habitats.

Behaviour

Diet includes insects and spiders and some fruits.

The nest is a cup made of plant-material placed fairly low in the fork of a branch. 3-5 eggs are laid and incubated by the female, but both parents feed the nestlings.

Bird Song

<flashmp3>Hippolais pallida (song).mp3</flashmp3>
Listen in an external program

External Links

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