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| − | '''Alternative name: Blue-diademed Motmot'''<br /> | + | {{disambig}} |
| − | [[Image:Blue-crowned_Motmot.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Subspecies ''argenticinctus'' (Whooping Motmot) <br />Photo by {{user|mmdnje|mmdnje}} <br />Botanical Garden, Guayaquil. [[Ecuador]], December 2005]]
| + | '''Blue-crowned Motmot''' may refer to one of six species previously considered conspecific under the name '''Blue-crowned Motmot''' (''Momotus momota''): |
| − | ;[[: Category:Momotus|Momotus]] momota
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| − | '''Includes: Amazonian Motmot, Whooping Motmot, Trinidad Motmot'''
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| − | ==Identification==
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| − | 38-48 cm<br />
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| − | Green upperparts (olive in subspecies ''osgoodi''), green or rufous underparts depending on subspecies (very variable how dark), black central spot on upper breast, black central crown surrounded by blue band (or crown entirely blue in subspecies ''coeruliceps''), black eyemask sometimes edged pale at the back. Tail is green with blue lower tail with two longest feathers showing an area missing barbs followed by an area with barbs (rackets); the tip of these feathers is black in some subspecies.
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| − | Notice that the tail feathers are normal when growing, the barbs fall off shortly after, and it is therefore possible to see a bird of this species that is missing rackets (feathers may also break below the rackets).
| + | *'''[[Blue-capped Motmot]]''' - ''Momotus coeruliceps'' |
| − | | + | *'''[[Lesson's Motmot]]''' - ''Momotus lessoni'' |
| − | Juvenile has reduced black on upper breast.
| + | *'''[[Whooping Motmot]]''' - ''Momotus subrufescens'' |
| − | ==Distribution==
| + | *'''[[Trinidad Motmot]]''' - ''Momotus bahamensis'' |
| − | [[Mexico]] to northern half of [[South America]].
| + | *'''[[Amazonian Motmot]]''' - ''Momotus momota'' |
| − | [[Image:BC_Motmot_by_crrlb001.jpg|thumb|400px|right|Subspecies ''bahamensis'' (Trinidad Motmot)<br />Photo by {{user|crrlb001|crrlb001}} <br />[[Tobago]], November 2007]]
| + | *'''[[Andean Motmot]]''' - ''Momotus aequatorialis'' |
| − | ==Taxonomy==
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| − | Twenty subspecies are known for Blue-crowned Motmot. A recent paper<sup>[[#References|[2]]]</sup> proposes that these should be split into several species, here treated as groups:
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| − | *group ''coeruliceps'' from north-eastern Mexico is the only with blue crown; this is a monotypic form. Not included in the study mentioned.
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| − | *group ''lessoni'' from southern Mexico to western [[Panama]]. Includes subspecies ''goldmani'', ''exiguus'', and ''lessoni''. This form might be called '''Blue-diademed Motmot'''. | |
| − | *group ''subrufescens'' from central Panama to north-central [[Venezuela]], with parts of [[Colombia]], in subspecies ''subrufescens'', ''osgoodi'', and ''spatha'', and isolated from the rest in south-east [[Ecuador]] and south-west [[Peru]] is subspecies ''argenticinctus'' (subspecies ''conexus'', ''reconditus'', and ''olivaresi'' no longer recognized). This form would have common name '''Whooping Motmot'''. | |
| − | *group ''bahamensis'' from [[Trinidad]] and [[Tobago]] is monotypic and would be called '''Trinidad Motmot'''. | |
| − | *group ''momota'' from the Amazon bassin includes ''microstephanus'', ''momota'', ''ignobilis'', ''marcgravianus'', ''nattereri'', ''simplex'', ''pilcomajensis'', ''cametensis'', and ''paraensis''. This form would be called '''Amazonian Motmot'''. | |
| − | The three lower forms have been split by SACC; the Opus is awaiting the position of the world wide checklists before making changes.
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| − | Notice there are differences between these groups and those listed in the Clements spreadsheet<sup>[[#References|[3]]]</sup>.
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| − | [[Highland Motmot]] has in the past been considered a part of Blue-crowned Motmot. | |
| − | ==Habitat==
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| − | Habits near water, rivers, streams, and builds its nest in hollows excavated on banks. Likes to perch on branches in the shadow, inside forest, in hedgerows, or in scrub.
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| − | ==Behaviour==
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| − | ====Breeding====
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| − | It nests in tunnels in a bank, 3-4 white eggs are laid.
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| − | ====Diet====
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| − | The diet includes insects, lizards and fruit.
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| − | ====Vocalisation====
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| − | Most subspecies has a song consisting of two hoots, but the song is a single "whoop" in those belonging to group ''subrufescens''.
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| − | ==References==
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| − | # Clements, James F. 2007. ''The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World''. 6th ed., with updates to October 2007. Ithaca: Cornell University Press. ISBN 9780801445019
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| − | # F. Gary Stiles 2009. A REVIEW OF THE GENUS MOMOTUS (CORACIIFORMES: MOMOTIDAE) IN NORTHERN SOUTH AMERICA AND ADJACENT AREAS. [http://www.ornitologiacolombiana.org/oc8/Stiles.htm#1in Ornitología Colombiana No.8 (2009): 29-75]. Subject of Birdforum discussion [http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?p=1564833 here]
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| − | #{{Ref-Clements6thDec08}}
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| − | {{ref}}
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| − | ==External Links==
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| − | {{GSearch|Momotus+momota}}
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| − | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Momotus]]
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