Difference between revisions of "Red-crowned Parakeet" - BirdForum Opus

Latest revision as of 16:51, 14 July 2024

Alternative name: Red-fronted Parakeet; not to confuse with the two species Pyrrhura roseifrons from South America and Cyanoramphus saissetti from New Caledonia. One of the three species commonly known by the Maori name of Kākāriki. The other two are the Yellow-crowned Parakeet and the critically endangered Orange-fronted Parakeet.

Photo © by Tectortony
Tiritiri Matangi Island, New Zealand. 12 March 2010

Includes Macquarie Parakeet Cyanoramphus erythrotis

Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae

Identification

Length 27 cm (10½")
Green body with prominent red crown and spot behind the eye. Leading edges of primaries are blue. Gray bill.

Similar Species

Like Yellow-crowned Parakeet but larger and with red crown, forehead and eyeline.

Distribution

Endemic to New Zealand, they are now rarely seen on the mainland in the wild, although they are commonly bred in captivity (with a license). Maori hunted them for food and feathers.

Taxonomy

Reischek's Parakeet, New Caledonian Parakeet, and Norfolk Island Parakeet sometimes lumped with this species.

Subspecies

This is a polytypic species^[1]. Four subspecies (one extinct) currently recognized.

C. n. cyanurus: Kermadec Islands
C. n. novaezelandiae: North Island., South Island., Stewart Island. and Auckland Islands. (New Zealand)
C. n. chathamensis: Chatham Islands
C. n. erythrotis: Formerly Macquarie I. Extinct

The extinct Macquarie Parakeet was previously considered a full species but probably based on erroneous data.

Habitat

They are found in mature native forest only, staying high in the canopy and nesting in old holes in the trees.

Behaviour

Diet

Much seasonal variation in diet, with buds and blossoms being consumed in spring, fruit in summer and seeds in autumn, and seeds and fruit in winter. Often feeds low in the forest or on the ground.

Breeding

Any time of year in North; October to December in South. Nest in hole in tree or cliff bank. Average clutch is 7 (range 4 to 9) white eggs. Incubation 23 days with chicks hatching asynchronously. Sometimes multi-brooded.

Vocalisations

Common flight call a nasal rattling chatter kehkehkehkehkeh..., lower pitched than Yellow-crowned Parakeet.

References

Clements, J. F., P. C. Rasmussen, T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, A. Spencer, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2023. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2023. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
Gill, F, D Donsker, and P Rasmussen (Eds). 2023. IOC World Bird List (v 13.2). Doi 10.14344/IOC.ML.13.2. http://www.worldbirdnames.org/
BirdLife International. 2016. Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22727981A95230539. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22727981A95230539.en. Downloaded on 20 March 2017.
Higgins, P.J. (ed.) 1999. Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic birds. Vol. 4, parrots to dollarbird. Oxford University Press, Melbourne.
Gill, B.J., B.D. Bell, G.K. Chambers, D.G. Medway, R.L. Palma, R.P. Scofield, A.J.D. Tennyson & T.H. Worthy, 2010. Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand, Norfolk and Macquarie Islands and the Ross Dependency, Antarctica. i-x, 1-501. Te Papa Press, Wellington, New Zealand.
Greene, T.C. 2013. Red-crowned parakeet. In Miskelly, C.M. (ed.) New Zealand Birds Online. http://www.nzbirdsonline.org.nz
Collar, N. & Christie, D.A. (2017). Red-fronted Parakeet (Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from http://www.hbw.com/node/54502 on 20 March 2017).
Supporters of Tiritiri Matangi Inc. 2010. Red-crowned Parakeet - Tiritiri Matangi Project. http://www.tiritirimatangi.org.nz/redcrownedparakeet. Downloaded on 19 March 2017
Clements updates page containing discussion of why Macquarie Parakeet is not considered valid.

List of references

Recommended Citation

BirdForum Opus contributors. (2025) Red-crowned Parakeet. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 15 January 2025 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Red-crowned_Parakeet

External Links

Search for photos of Red-crowned Parakeet in the gallery

GSearch checked for 2020 platform.1

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-{{stub}}
+'''Alternative name: Red-fronted Parakeet; not to confuse with the two species [[Pyrrhura roseifrons]] from South America and [[Cyanoramphus saissetti]] from New Caledonia. One of the three species commonly known by the Maori name of Kākāriki. The other two are the [[Yellow-fronted Parakeet|Yellow-crowned Parakeet]] and the critically endangered [[Orange-fronted Parakeet]].'''
-;Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae
+[[Image:Red-crowned_Parakeet_(Kakariki)Tectorony.jpg|thumb|500px|right|Photo &copy; by {{user|Tectortony|Tectortony}} <br />[[Tiritiri Matangi Island]], [[New Zealand]]. 12 March 2010]]
-[[Image:54011kakariki.jpg|thumb|500px|right|Photo by nomdeploom<br />Photo taken: Tiritiri Matangi Island, New Zealand .]]
+'''Includes Macquarie Parakeet ''Cyanoramphus erythrotis'''''
-==Description==
+;[[: Category:Cyanoramphus|Cyanoramphus]] novaezelandiae
-There are three species of Kākāriki (the most common, Maori, name): the Yellow-crowned, the Red-crowned or Red-fronted and the critically endagered Orange-fronted Parakeet.  Endemic to New Zealand, they are now rarely seen on the mainland in the wild, although they are commonly bred in captivity (with a license).  They are found in mature native forest only, staying high in the canopy and nesting in old holes in the trees.  Maori hunted them for food and feathers.
+==Identification==
+Length 27 cm (10&frac12;")<br />
+Green body with prominent red crown and spot behind the eye.  Leading edges of primaries are blue.  Gray bill.
+====Similar Species====
+Like [[Yellow-crowned Parakeet]] but larger and with red crown, forehead and eyeline.
-==Identification==
+==Distribution==
-==Distribution & Taxonomy==
+Endemic to [[New Zealand]], they are now rarely seen on the mainland in the wild, although they are commonly bred in captivity (with a license). Maori hunted them for food and feathers.
+==Taxonomy==
+[[Reischek's Parakeet]], [[New Caledonian Parakeet]], and [[Norfolk Island Parakeet]] sometimes lumped with this species.
+====Subspecies====
+This is a [[Dictionary_P-S#P|polytypic]] species<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>.  Four subspecies (one extinct) currently recognized.
+*''C. n. cyanurus'': Kermadec Islands
+*''C. n. novaezelandiae'': North Island., South Island., Stewart Island. and Auckland Islands. ([[New Zealand]])
+*''C. n. chathamensis:'' Chatham Islands
+*''C. n. erythrotis:'' Formerly Macquarie I. Extinct
+The extinct Macquarie Parakeet was previously considered a full species but probably based on erroneous data.
 ==Habitat==
+They are found in mature native forest only, staying high in the canopy and nesting in old holes in the trees.
 ==Behaviour==
+====Diet====
+Much seasonal variation in diet, with buds and blossoms being consumed in spring, fruit in summer and seeds in autumn, and seeds and fruit in winter.  Often feeds low in the forest or on the ground.
+====Breeding====
+Any time of year in North; October to December in South. Nest in hole in tree or cliff bank.  Average clutch is 7 (range 4 to 9) white eggs.  Incubation 23 days with chicks hatching asynchronously.  Sometimes multi-brooded.
+====Vocalisations====
+Common flight call a nasal rattling chatter ''kehkehkehkehkeh...'', lower pitched than [[Yellow-crowned Parakeet]].
+==References==
+#{{Ref-Clements6thOct23}}#{{Ref-GillDonskerRasmussen22V13.2}}#BirdLife International. 2016. ''Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae''. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2016: e.T22727981A95230539. http://dx.doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22727981A95230539.en. Downloaded on 20 March 2017.
+#Higgins, P.J. (ed.) 1999. Handbook of Australian, New Zealand and Antarctic birds. Vol. 4, parrots to dollarbird. Oxford University Press, Melbourne.
+#Gill, B.J., B.D. Bell, G.K. Chambers, D.G. Medway, R.L. Palma, R.P. Scofield, A.J.D. Tennyson & T.H. Worthy, 2010. Checklist of the Birds of New Zealand, Norfolk and Macquarie Islands and the Ross Dependency, Antarctica. i-x, 1-501. Te Papa Press, Wellington, New Zealand.
+#Greene, T.C. 2013. Red-crowned parakeet. In Miskelly, C.M. (ed.) New Zealand Birds Online. http://www.nzbirdsonline.org.nz
+#Collar, N. & Christie, D.A. (2017). Red-fronted Parakeet (''Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae''). In: del Hoyo, J., Elliott, A., Sargatal, J., Christie, D.A. & de Juana, E. (eds.). Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona. (retrieved from http://www.hbw.com/node/54502 on 20 March 2017).
+#Supporters of Tiritiri Matangi Inc. 2010. Red-crowned Parakeet - Tiritiri Matangi Project. http://www.tiritirimatangi.org.nz/redcrownedparakeet. Downloaded on 19 March 2017
+#[https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/introduction/updateindex/october-2023/updates-and-corrections/ Clements updates page] containing discussion of why Macquarie Parakeet is not considered valid.
+{{ref}}
 ==External Links==
-{{GSearch|Cyanoramphus+novaezelandiae}}
+{{GSearch|"Cyanoramphus novaezelandiae" {{!}} "Cyanoramphus erythrotis" {{!}} "Red-crowned Parakeet" {{!}} "Macquarie Parakeet"}}
-*[http://www.aviceda.org/abid/birdimages.php?action=birdspecies&fid=20&bid=230 View more images of this species on the ABID]
+{{GS-checked}}1<br /><br />
-[[Category:Birds]]
+[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Cyanoramphus]]