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Difference between revisions of "Altamira Oriole" - BirdForum Opus

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(→‎External Links: Combined English and scientific names.)
 
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[[Image:Altamira_Oriole.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by {{user|Glen+Tepke|Glen Tepke}}<br />Photo taken:Salineno, [[Texas]], [[USA]]]]
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[[Image:Altamira_Oriole.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo &copy; by {{user|Glen+Tepke|Glen Tepke}}<br />Salineno, [[Texas]], [[USA]], March 2005]]
 
;[[:Category:Icterus|Icterus]] gularis
 
;[[:Category:Icterus|Icterus]] gularis
−
 
−
 
 
==Identification==
 
==Identification==
−
*Large, heavily built
+
'''Adult''', sexes virtually identical
 +
*Large, heavily built (largest oriole in the [[USA]])
 +
*Mostly orange and black
 
*Very deep-based bill
 
*Very deep-based bill
 
**Straight culmen
 
**Straight culmen
 
**Pale flash at base of lower mandible short
 
**Pale flash at base of lower mandible short
 +
*Black bib "attaches" to corner of bill
 +
*Black lores
 +
*Black tail and mantle
 +
*Black wings
 +
**Lesser coverts same color as body
 +
**tip of greater coverts, base of primaries and some feather edges white
 +
[[Image:Altamira_immature_by_njlarsen.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Immature bird. Photo &copy; by {{user|njlarsen|njlarsen}}<br />Salineno, [[Texas]], [[USA]], January 2012]]
 +
'''Immature''' (1<sup>st</sup> basic plumage) is similar to adult but:
 +
*Less strongly orange
 +
*Mantle often greenish or greenish-greyish
 +
*Lesser coverts with white tips producing a second wing bar
  
 
==Distribution==
 
==Distribution==
−
From extreme southern [[Texas]] and northeastern [[Mexico]] south to [[Nicaragua]].
+
[[North America|North]] and [[Central America]]: found from extreme southern [[Texas]] and north-eastern [[Mexico]] south to [[Nicaragua]].
−
 
 
 
==Taxonomy==
 
==Taxonomy==
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Polytypic. Consists of seven subspecies.  
+
Polytypic. Consists of six subspecies. <sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>
 +
*''I. g. tamaulipensis'':
 +
:*Southern [[Texas]] (lower Rio Grande Valley) to south-eastern [[Mexico]] (Campeche)
 +
*''I. g. flavescens'':
 +
:*Coastal south-western [[Mexico]] (Guerrero)
 +
*''I. g. yucatanensis'':
 +
:*South-eastern [[Mexico]] (Yucatán Peninsula), Cozumel Island and extreme northern [[Belize]]
 +
*''I. g. gularis'':
 +
:*Arid tropical southern [[Mexico]] ([[Oaxaca]]) to [[Guatemala]] and [[El Salvador]]
 +
*''I. g. troglodytes'':
 +
:*Southern [[Mexico]] (extreme southern [[Chiapas]]) and Pacific slope of [[Guatemala]]
 +
*''I. g. gigas'':
 +
:*Interior southern [[Guatemala]] to [[Honduras]] and west-central [[Nicaragua]]
 
==Habitat==
 
==Habitat==
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Nests in open woodlands. Nest is a very long woven pouch, attached to the end of a horizontal tree branch.
+
[[Image:Altamira_nest_P1080041_by_njlarsen.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Nest with adult bird next to it<br />Photo &copy; by {{user|njlarsen|njlarsen}}<br />Las Coloradas Rd, Yucatan, [[Mexico]], May 2012]]
 +
Nests in open woodlands.  
 +
==Behaviour==
  
−
==Behaviour==
 
 
====Breeding====
 
====Breeding====
 
Seasonally monogamous and may be for life. They are almost always seen in pairs.  
 
Seasonally monogamous and may be for life. They are almost always seen in pairs.  
  
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Nest building starts as early as March usually producing one brood per season. However, more southerly populations can produce a second brood. In the event that they brood a second time, a second nest is always built.
+
Nest is a very long woven pouch, attached to the end of a horizontal tree branch. Nest building starts as early as March usually producing one brood per season. However, more southerly populations can produce a second brood. In the event that they brood a second time, a second nest is always built.
 
====Diet====
 
====Diet====
 
This bird forages high in trees, sometimes in the undergrowth. They mainly eat insects and berries.
 
This bird forages high in trees, sometimes in the undergrowth. They mainly eat insects and berries.
−
 
+
====Flight====
 
Swift, strong flight on rapid wing beats.
 
Swift, strong flight on rapid wing beats.
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+
==References==
 +
#{{Ref-Clements6thDec08}}
 +
{{ref}}
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
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{{GSearch|Icterus+Altamira}} <!--- Comment to editors: Icterus + gularis also found Yellow Oriole (nitrogularis), so this is the way to make the search specific --->
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{{GSearch|"Icterus gularis" {{!}} "Altamira Oriole" }}
 +
<!--- Comment to editors: Icterus + gularis also found Yellow Oriole (nitrogularis), so this is the way to make the search specific.  Additional comment by jmorlan.  This combination works.  --->
 
[[Category:Birds]][[Category:Icterus]]
 
[[Category:Birds]][[Category:Icterus]]
 +
{{GS-checked}}1
 +
<br />
 +
<br />

Latest revision as of 16:53, 26 June 2023

Photo © by Glen Tepke
Salineno, Texas, USA, March 2005
Icterus gularis

Identification

Adult, sexes virtually identical

  • Large, heavily built (largest oriole in the USA)
  • Mostly orange and black
  • Very deep-based bill
    • Straight culmen
    • Pale flash at base of lower mandible short
  • Black bib "attaches" to corner of bill
  • Black lores
  • Black tail and mantle
  • Black wings
    • Lesser coverts same color as body
    • tip of greater coverts, base of primaries and some feather edges white
Immature bird. Photo © by njlarsen
Salineno, Texas, USA, January 2012

Immature (1st basic plumage) is similar to adult but:

  • Less strongly orange
  • Mantle often greenish or greenish-greyish
  • Lesser coverts with white tips producing a second wing bar

Distribution

North and Central America: found from extreme southern Texas and north-eastern Mexico south to Nicaragua.

Taxonomy

Polytypic. Consists of six subspecies. [1]

  • I. g. tamaulipensis:
  • Southern Texas (lower Rio Grande Valley) to south-eastern Mexico (Campeche)
  • I. g. flavescens:
  • Coastal south-western Mexico (Guerrero)
  • I. g. yucatanensis:
  • South-eastern Mexico (Yucatán Peninsula), Cozumel Island and extreme northern Belize
  • I. g. gularis:
  • I. g. troglodytes:
  • I. g. gigas:

Habitat

Nest with adult bird next to it
Photo © by njlarsen
Las Coloradas Rd, Yucatan, Mexico, May 2012

Nests in open woodlands.

Behaviour

Breeding

Seasonally monogamous and may be for life. They are almost always seen in pairs.

Nest is a very long woven pouch, attached to the end of a horizontal tree branch. Nest building starts as early as March usually producing one brood per season. However, more southerly populations can produce a second brood. In the event that they brood a second time, a second nest is always built.

Diet

This bird forages high in trees, sometimes in the undergrowth. They mainly eat insects and berries.

Flight

Swift, strong flight on rapid wing beats.

References

  1. Clements, JF. 2008. The Clements Checklist of Birds of the World. 6th ed., with updates to December 2008. Ithaca: Cornell Univ. Press. ISBN 978-0801445019.

Recommended Citation

External Links

GSearch checked for 2020 platform.1

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