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Difference between revisions of "Black Crowned Crane" - BirdForum Opus

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[[Image:Black_Crowned_Crane.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Photo by '''Steve G'''<br>Location: Ka-ur wetlands, The Gambia]]
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[[Image:STH 7821.JPG|thumb|550px|right|Subspecies ''ceciliae''<br />Photo by {{user|volker+sthamer|volker sthamer}}<br />Lake Ziway, [[Ethiopia]], February 2017]]
 
;[[:Category:Balearica|Balearica]] pavonina
 
;[[:Category:Balearica|Balearica]] pavonina
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==Identification==
 
==Identification==
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104cm. Mostly black body, white upper and under wing coverts, crown of stiff golden feathers, red and white cheek patches. In the West African subspecies, the lower half of the cheek patch is red; in the Sudan subspecies, the red extends into the upper half of the cheek patch. The gular sac under the chin is small and dark. The gular sac is similar to a wattle, except that it can be inflated. Legs, toes, and bill are black.  Sexes similar.
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[[Image:4381Black-Crowned-Crane-2.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''pavonina''<br />Photo by {{user|Steve+G|Steve G}}<br />Pirang, Western Division, The [[Gambia]], November 2005]]
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100–105 cm (39½-41½ in); Sexes similar<br />
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Juveniles - blackish, upper body feathers are edged with rufous, and the lower body feathers are sandy buff, brown nape, the face is feathered and buffy, and the crown is spiky and golden buff.
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'''Adult'''
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*Mostly black body
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*White upper and under wing coverts
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*crown of stiff golden feathers
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*Red and white cheek patches<br />
 +
'''West African subspecies'''
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*Lower half of the cheek patch is red<br />
 +
'''Sudan subspecies'''
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*The red extends into the upper half of the cheek patch.
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*[[Dictionary_G-L#G|Gular]] sac under the chin is small and dark. The gular sac is similar to a wattle, except that it can be inflated.
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*Legs, toes, and bill are black<br />
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'''Juveniles''':
 +
*Blackish, upper body feathers are edged rufous
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*Lower body feathers are sandy buff
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*Brown nape
 +
*Face is feathered and buffy
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*Crown is spiky and golden buff.
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====Similar Species====
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[[Image:Black_Crowned_Crane.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''pavonina''<br />Photo by {{user|Steve+G|Steve G}}<br />Ka-ur wetlands, [[The Gambia]], November 2005]]
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[[Grey Crowned-Crane]]
 
==Distribution==
 
==Distribution==
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Sub-Saharan [[Africa]].
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Sub-Saharan [[Africa]]:<br />
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'''Western Africa''': [[Mauritania]], [[Senegambia]], [[Senegal]], The [[Gambia]], [[Guinea-Bissau]], [[Guinea]], [[Mali]], [[Sierra Leone]], [[Ivory Coast]], [[Burkina Faso]], [[Ghana]], [[Togo]], [[Benin]], [[Nigeria]], [[Niger]], [[Chad]], [[Cameroon]], [[Central African Republic]], [[Equatorial Guinea]], [[Gabon]], [[Democratic Republic of Congo]] (Eastern part), [[Angola]]<br />
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'''Eastern Africa''': [[Sudan]], [[Eritrea]], [[Ethiopia]], [[Kenya]]
 
==Taxonomy==
 
==Taxonomy==
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====Subspecies====
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====Subspecies<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>====
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*''B. p. pavonina'' - [[Senegambia]] to [[Lake Chad]]
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*''B. p. pavonina'' - [[Senegambia]] to Lake Chad
 
*''B. p. ceciliae'' - [[Chad]] to [[Ethiopia]] and [[Kenya]].
 
*''B. p. ceciliae'' - [[Chad]] to [[Ethiopia]] and [[Kenya]].
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==Habitat==
 
==Habitat==
 
Freshwater marshes, wetter grasslands, and the edges of water bodies.  
 
Freshwater marshes, wetter grasslands, and the edges of water bodies.  
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==Behaviour==
 
==Behaviour==
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Its circular nest platform is built from grasses and sedges within or along the edges of densely vegetated wetlands. 2-5 eggs are laid and incubated by both sexes for 28-31 days.  
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====Breeding====
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Its circular nest platform is built from grasses and sedges within or along the edges of densely vegetated wetlands. The clutch consist of 2-5 eggs which are incubated by both sexes for 28-31 days.  
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The diet includes tips of grasses, seeds, insects, and other invertebrates, and small vertebrates.
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====Diet====
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Their diet consists of insects, such as grasshoppers and flies. Invertebrates include molluscs, millipedes, crustaceans and fish. Grass and grass seeds are also included.
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==References==
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#{{Ref-Clements6thAug16}}#Avibase
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#International Crane Foundation
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{{ref}}
 
==External Links==
 
==External Links==
 
{{GSearch|Balearica+pavonina}}  
 
{{GSearch|Balearica+pavonina}}  
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{{GS-checked}}
 
[[Category:Birds]][[Category:Balearica]]
 
[[Category:Birds]][[Category:Balearica]]

Latest revision as of 16:17, 4 February 2022

Subspecies ceciliae
Photo by volker sthamer
Lake Ziway, Ethiopia, February 2017
Balearica pavonina

Identification

Subspecies pavonina
Photo by Steve G
Pirang, Western Division, The Gambia, November 2005

100–105 cm (39½-41½ in); Sexes similar
Adult

  • Mostly black body
  • White upper and under wing coverts
  • crown of stiff golden feathers
  • Red and white cheek patches

West African subspecies

  • Lower half of the cheek patch is red

Sudan subspecies

  • The red extends into the upper half of the cheek patch.
  • Gular sac under the chin is small and dark. The gular sac is similar to a wattle, except that it can be inflated.
  • Legs, toes, and bill are black

Juveniles:

  • Blackish, upper body feathers are edged rufous
  • Lower body feathers are sandy buff
  • Brown nape
  • Face is feathered and buffy
  • Crown is spiky and golden buff.

Similar Species

Subspecies pavonina
Photo by Steve G
Ka-ur wetlands, The Gambia, November 2005

Grey Crowned-Crane

Distribution

Sub-Saharan Africa:
Western Africa: Mauritania, Senegambia, Senegal, The Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Mali, Sierra Leone, Ivory Coast, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Togo, Benin, Nigeria, Niger, Chad, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Democratic Republic of Congo (Eastern part), Angola
Eastern Africa: Sudan, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya

Taxonomy

Subspecies[1]

Habitat

Freshwater marshes, wetter grasslands, and the edges of water bodies.

Behaviour

Breeding

Its circular nest platform is built from grasses and sedges within or along the edges of densely vegetated wetlands. The clutch consist of 2-5 eggs which are incubated by both sexes for 28-31 days.

Diet

Their diet consists of insects, such as grasshoppers and flies. Invertebrates include molluscs, millipedes, crustaceans and fish. Grass and grass seeds are also included.

References

  1. Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2016. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2016, with updates to August 2016. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
  2. Avibase
  3. International Crane Foundation

Recommended Citation

External Links

GSearch checked for 2020 platform.

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