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;[[:Category:Strix|Strix]] leptogrammica | ;[[:Category:Strix|Strix]] leptogrammica | ||
| − | '''Includes Bartels's Wood-Owl | + | '''Includes Bartels's Wood-Owl, Himalayan Wood-Owl, Nias Wood Owl, Sunda Wood Owl''' |
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
[[Image:Brown_Wood_Owl_Alok.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''S. l. newarensis''<br />Photo by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br />Sattal Forest, Uttarakhand [[Himalayas]], [[India]], 6 April 2023]] | [[Image:Brown_Wood_Owl_Alok.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''S. l. newarensis''<br />Photo by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br />Sattal Forest, Uttarakhand [[Himalayas]], [[India]], 6 April 2023]] | ||
39–55 cm (15¼-21½ in) | 39–55 cm (15¼-21½ in) | ||
| − | * | + | *upperparts dark brown |
| − | * | + | *shoulders spotted white |
| − | * | + | *underparts buff, brown-streaked |
| − | * | + | *facial disc white or whitish with brown or rufous rim |
| − | * | + | *iris dark brown |
| − | * | + | *neckband white |
Sexes similar | Sexes similar | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| Line 17: | Line 17: | ||
'''Southeast Asia''': [[Indochina]], [[Myanmar]], [[Laos]], [[Vietnam]], [[Cambodia]], [[Thailand]], [[Malaysia]], [[Malay Peninsula]], [[Brunei]], [[Borneo]], [[Indonesia]], [[Greater Sundas]], [[Sumatra]] | '''Southeast Asia''': [[Indochina]], [[Myanmar]], [[Laos]], [[Vietnam]], [[Cambodia]], [[Thailand]], [[Malaysia]], [[Malay Peninsula]], [[Brunei]], [[Borneo]], [[Indonesia]], [[Greater Sundas]], [[Sumatra]] | ||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| + | Reference [[#References|[5]]] separates subspecies ''bartelsi'', ''chaseni'', ''leptogrammica'', ''myrtha'', ''niasensis'', ''nyctiphasma'' and ''vaga'' as "Sunda Wood Owl", ''S. leptogrammica'' based on morphological and vocal differences. It notes that ''niasensis'' may be elevated separately as "Nias Wood Owl", ''S. niasensis'' for the same reasons. | ||
====Subspecies==== | ====Subspecies==== | ||
[[Image:TMS2226N.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile, Subspecies ''S. l. ticehursti''<br />Photo © by {{user|Godwin+Chan|Godwin Chan}}<br />[[Hong Kong]], 9 June 2020]] | [[Image:TMS2226N.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile, Subspecies ''S. l. ticehursti''<br />Photo © by {{user|Godwin+Chan|Godwin Chan}}<br />[[Hong Kong]], 9 June 2020]] | ||
| − | + | Clements recognises the following subspecies [[#References|[1]]]: | |
*''S. l. newarensis'': '''Himalayan Wood-Owl''' [[Himalayas]] (Jammu and Kashmir to north-eastern [[India]]) | *''S. l. newarensis'': '''Himalayan Wood-Owl''' [[Himalayas]] (Jammu and Kashmir to north-eastern [[India]]) | ||
*''S. l. ticehursti'': [[Myanmar]] to south-eastern [[China]], [[Thailand]], northern [[Laos]] and northern [[Vietnam]] | *''S. l. ticehursti'': [[Myanmar]] to south-eastern [[China]], [[Thailand]], northern [[Laos]] and northern [[Vietnam]] | ||
| Line 27: | Line 28: | ||
*''S. l. ochrogenys'': [[Sri Lanka]] | *''S. l. ochrogenys'': [[Sri Lanka]] | ||
*''S. l. maingayi'': Southern [[Myanmar]], southern [[Thailand]] and [[Malay Peninsula]] | *''S. l. maingayi'': Southern [[Myanmar]], southern [[Thailand]] and [[Malay Peninsula]] | ||
| − | *''S. l. myrtha'': [[Sumatra]] | + | *''S. l. myrtha'': "'''Sunda Wood Owl'''". [[Sumatra]] |
| − | *''S. l. nyctiphasma'': Banyak Island (off north-western [[Sumatra]]) | + | *''S. l. nyctiphasma'': "'''Sunda Wood Owl'''". Banyak Island (off north-western [[Sumatra]]) |
| − | *''S. l. niasensis'': Nias Island (off north-western [[Sumatra]]) | + | *''S. l. niasensis'': "'''Nias Wood Owl'''" or "'''Sunda Wood Owl'''". Nias Island (off north-western [[Sumatra]]) |
| − | *''S. l. chaseni'': Belitung Island (Java Sea off south-eastern [[Sumatra]]) | + | *''S. l. chaseni'': "'''Sunda Wood Owl'''". Belitung Island (Java Sea off south-eastern [[Sumatra]]) |
| − | *''S. l. vaga'': Northern [[Borneo]] | + | *''S. l. vaga'': "'''Sunda Wood Owl'''". Northern [[Borneo]] |
| − | *''S. l. leptogrammica'': Central and southern [[Borneo]] | + | *''S. l. leptogrammica'': "'''Sunda Wood Owl'''". Central and southern [[Borneo]] |
| − | *''S. l. bartelsi'': '''Bartel's Wood-Owl''' [[Java]] | + | *''S. l. bartelsi'': "'''Bartel's Wood-Owl'''" or "'''Sunda Wood Owl'''". [[Java]] |
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
Dense lowland primary rainforest (broad-leaved and evergreen) and forest edges, up to 2,590m. Avoids human habitated areas. | Dense lowland primary rainforest (broad-leaved and evergreen) and forest edges, up to 2,590m. Avoids human habitated areas. | ||
| Line 45: | Line 46: | ||
They make a very low purring sound. Call is 3-4 short hoots. | They make a very low purring sound. Call is 3-4 short hoots. | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thOct24}}#Avibase |
#Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved Feb 2018) | #Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved Feb 2018) | ||
#BirdForum Member observations | #BirdForum Member observations | ||
| + | #{{Ref-Eatonetal21}} | ||
| + | |||
{{ref}} | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| − | {{GSearch|Strix | + | {{GSearch|"Strix leptogrammica" {{!}} "Brown Wood Owl" {{!}} "Bartels's Wood-Owl" {{!}} "Himalayan Wood-Owl" {{!}} "Nias Wood Owl" {{!}} "Sunda Wood Owl"}} |
<br /> | <br /> | ||
| − | {{VSearch|"Brown Wood Owl" {{!}} " | + | {{VSearch|"Strix leptogrammica" {{!}} "Brown Wood Owl" {{!}} "Bartels's Wood-Owl" {{!}} "Himalayan Wood-Owl" {{!}} "Nias Wood Owl" {{!}} "Sunda Wood Owl"}} |
| − | + | {{GS-checked}}1 | |
| − | {{GS-checked}} | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
<br /> | <br /> | ||
[[Category:Birds]][[Category:Strix]][[Category:Videos]] | [[Category:Birds]][[Category:Strix]][[Category:Videos]] | ||
Latest revision as of 18:42, 12 May 2025
Subspecies S. l. maingayi
Photo by the late Laurence Poh
Temenggor Forest in North Perak, Malaysia, August 2003
Photo by the late Laurence Poh
Temenggor Forest in North Perak, Malaysia, August 2003
- Strix leptogrammica
Includes Bartels's Wood-Owl, Himalayan Wood-Owl, Nias Wood Owl, Sunda Wood Owl
Identification
Subspecies S. l. newarensis
Photo by Alok Tewari
Sattal Forest, Uttarakhand Himalayas, India, 6 April 2023
Photo by Alok Tewari
Sattal Forest, Uttarakhand Himalayas, India, 6 April 2023
39–55 cm (15¼-21½ in)
- upperparts dark brown
- shoulders spotted white
- underparts buff, brown-streaked
- facial disc white or whitish with brown or rufous rim
- iris dark brown
- neckband white
Sexes similar
Distribution
Asia: found in China, India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Taiwan
Southeast Asia: Indochina, Myanmar, Laos, Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia, Malay Peninsula, Brunei, Borneo, Indonesia, Greater Sundas, Sumatra
Taxonomy
Reference [5] separates subspecies bartelsi, chaseni, leptogrammica, myrtha, niasensis, nyctiphasma and vaga as "Sunda Wood Owl", S. leptogrammica based on morphological and vocal differences. It notes that niasensis may be elevated separately as "Nias Wood Owl", S. niasensis for the same reasons.
Subspecies
Clements recognises the following subspecies [1]:
- S. l. newarensis: Himalayan Wood-Owl Himalayas (Jammu and Kashmir to north-eastern India)
- S. l. ticehursti: Myanmar to south-eastern China, Thailand, northern Laos and northern Vietnam
- S. l. caligata: Hainan and Taiwan
- S. l. laotiana: Southern Laos and central Vietnam (Annam)
- S. l. indranee: Peninsular India
- S. l. ochrogenys: Sri Lanka
- S. l. maingayi: Southern Myanmar, southern Thailand and Malay Peninsula
- S. l. myrtha: "Sunda Wood Owl". Sumatra
- S. l. nyctiphasma: "Sunda Wood Owl". Banyak Island (off north-western Sumatra)
- S. l. niasensis: "Nias Wood Owl" or "Sunda Wood Owl". Nias Island (off north-western Sumatra)
- S. l. chaseni: "Sunda Wood Owl". Belitung Island (Java Sea off south-eastern Sumatra)
- S. l. vaga: "Sunda Wood Owl". Northern Borneo
- S. l. leptogrammica: "Sunda Wood Owl". Central and southern Borneo
- S. l. bartelsi: "Bartel's Wood-Owl" or "Sunda Wood Owl". Java
Habitat
Dense lowland primary rainforest (broad-leaved and evergreen) and forest edges, up to 2,590m. Avoids human habitated areas.
Behaviour
Diet
The diet includes small mammals, especially rodents; also reptiles, grasshoppers and birds. A bird in Java is known to have eaten a bat.
Breeding
They nest in a tree cavity. The clutch consists of 2 eggs.
Vocalisation
They make a very low purring sound. Call is 3-4 short hoots.
References
- Clements, J. F., P. C. Rasmussen, T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, T. A. Fredericks, J. A. Gerbracht, D. Lepage, A. Spencer, S. M. Billerman, B. L. Sullivan, M. Smith, and C. L. Wood. 2024. The eBird/Clements checklist of Birds of the World: v2024. Downloaded from https://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Avibase
- Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved Feb 2018)
- BirdForum Member observations
- Eaton, JA, B van Balen, NW Brickle, FE Rheindt 2021. Birds of the Indonesian Archipelago (Greater Sundas and Wallacea), Second Edition. Lynx Editions. ISBN978-84-16728-44-2
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2025) Brown Wood Owl. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 14 May 2025 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Brown_Wood_Owl
External Links
GSearch checked for 2020 platform.1
