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'''Alternative names: Straits Robin, Magpie Robin''' | '''Alternative names: Straits Robin, Magpie Robin''' | ||
| − | [[Image: | + | [[Image:oriental_magpie_robin_alok.JPG|thumb|500px|right|Nominate subspecies - Male<br />[[Keoladeo National Park]], Bharatpur<br />Photo © by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br />[[India]], 29 Feb 2016]] |
;[[:Category:Copsychus|Copsychus]] saularis | ;[[:Category:Copsychus|Copsychus]] saularis | ||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
| + | [[Image:Oriental Magpie Robin Female.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Female<br />Photo by {{user|Avian+Seeker|Avian Seeker}}<br />[[Singapore]], 27 May 2013]] | ||
19–21 cm (7½-8¼ in); including long tail | 19–21 cm (7½-8¼ in); including long tail | ||
*Black upperparts, head and throat | *Black upperparts, head and throat | ||
| Line 10: | Line 11: | ||
*Greyish white underparts<br /> | *Greyish white underparts<br /> | ||
'''Juveniles''' have scaly brown upperparts and head | '''Juveniles''' have scaly brown upperparts and head | ||
| − | |||
====Variation==== | ====Variation==== | ||
| − | [[Image: | + | [[Image:5715DSCN7966.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Juvenile<br />Photo by {{user|Rosnan_yahya|Rosnan_yahya}}<br />Johore, [[Malaysia]], 9 August 2004]] |
Males in [[Borneo]] have an all black belly. | Males in [[Borneo]] have an all black belly. | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| + | [[Image:Oriental_Magpie_Robin.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Photo by {{user|Neil|Neil}}<br />[[Hong Kong]], [[China]] 6 May 2005]] | ||
Southern [[Asia]] from [[Bangladesh]], [[Pakistan]], [[India]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[Borneo]], [[Indonesia]] and south [[China]]. Possible spread north into Afghanistan with probably the first sighting for the country in Camp Bastion, Helmand on 2nd April 2012. | Southern [[Asia]] from [[Bangladesh]], [[Pakistan]], [[India]], [[Sri Lanka]], [[Borneo]], [[Indonesia]] and south [[China]]. Possible spread north into Afghanistan with probably the first sighting for the country in Camp Bastion, Helmand on 2nd April 2012. | ||
| − | |||
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
| + | [[File:Oriental-Magpie-Robin_C-s_ ceylonensis_Andy-Hurley.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''C. s. ceylonensis''<br />Photo © by {{user|Andy+Hurley|Andy Hurley}}<br />Ella, [[Sri Lanka]], 4 December 2018]] | ||
[[Philippine Magpie-Robin]] was formerly included in this species. | [[Philippine Magpie-Robin]] was formerly included in this species. | ||
====Subspecies==== | ====Subspecies==== | ||
| − | + | 7 subspecies are recognized<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | |
| − | |||
*''C. s. saularis'': | *''C. s. saularis'': | ||
:North-eastern [[Pakistan]], [[Nepal]], and northern [[India]] to eastern and southern [[China]], Hainan Island, [[Thailand]], and [[Indochina]] | :North-eastern [[Pakistan]], [[Nepal]], and northern [[India]] to eastern and southern [[China]], Hainan Island, [[Thailand]], and [[Indochina]] | ||
| Line 29: | Line 29: | ||
:*[[Andaman Islands]] | :*[[Andaman Islands]] | ||
*''C. s. musicus'': | *''C. s. musicus'': | ||
| − | :*Thai-Malay Peninsula (perhaps an area of introgression between saularis and musicus?), [[Sumatra]] and associated islands (Simeulue, the Batu Islands, Nias, and the Mentawai Islands), and western [[Java]]; intergrades with amoenus in central Java | + | :*Thai-Malay Peninsula (perhaps an area of introgression between ''saularis'' and ''musicus''?), [[Sumatra]] and associated islands (Simeulue, the Batu Islands, Nias, and the Mentawai Islands, Riau Archipelago, Belitung, and Bangka), and western [[Java]]; intergrades with ''amoenus'' in central [[Java]] |
| − | |||
| − | |||
*''C. s. amoenus'': | *''C. s. amoenus'': | ||
| − | :*East Java and [[Bali]] | + | :*East [[Java]] and [[Bali]] |
*''C. s. adamsi'': | *''C. s. adamsi'': | ||
:*North [[Borneo]], Banggi and adjacent islands | :*North [[Borneo]], Banggi and adjacent islands | ||
*''C. s. pluto'': | *''C. s. pluto'': | ||
:*East Borneo and Maratua Islands | :*East Borneo and Maratua Islands | ||
| − | |||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
Open woodland, cultivated areas and around human habitation. | Open woodland, cultivated areas and around human habitation. | ||
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
| − | |||
====Action==== | ====Action==== | ||
They hop on the ground with a frequently cocked tail. | They hop on the ground with a frequently cocked tail. | ||
| Line 50: | Line 46: | ||
Their diet consists mostly of crickets, particularly crickets, beetles, caterpillars, ants, wasps and termites. | Their diet consists mostly of crickets, particularly crickets, beetles, caterpillars, ants, wasps and termites. | ||
====Vocalisation==== | ====Vocalisation==== | ||
| − | The male sings from a perch during the breeding season. It is a loud, tuneful, song.<br /> In the recording here one male sitting high up on a Pine tree is giving song with a variety of intervening calls.<br /> | + | The male sings from a perch during the breeding season. It is a loud, tuneful, song.<br /> In the recording here one male sitting high up on a Pine tree is giving song with a variety of intervening calls. |
| − | + | <br /> | |
| − | + | <br /> | |
| − | Recording by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br /> | + | {{ Audio|oriental_magpie-robin_alok.mp3 }} |
| + | |||
| + | Recording © by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br /> | ||
Sat Tal, Dist. Nainital, Alt. 5500-6000 feet above MSL, [[India]], April-2015 | Sat Tal, Dist. Nainital, Alt. 5500-6000 feet above MSL, [[India]], April-2015 | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | In the file below is evening song, rendered at the Sunset time, during summer : | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | {{ Audio|oriental_magpie-robin_song_alok.mp3 }} | ||
| + | |||
| + | Recording © by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br /> | ||
| + | In the BG is faint call by another Magpie Robin, and brief calls by Rose-ringed Parakeet and Brown-headed Barbet.<br /> | ||
| + | [[Keoladeo National Park]], Bharatpur, Rajasthan, [[India]], June-2017 | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug17}}#[http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?p=2118815 Birdforum thread] discussing the possible split of Philippine Magpie-Robin |
#Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved July 2015) | #Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved July 2015) | ||
#[http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?t=174241 Birdforum thread discussing taxonomy of Magpie-Robins] | #[http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?t=174241 Birdforum thread discussing taxonomy of Magpie-Robins] | ||
| Line 63: | Line 71: | ||
{{ref}} | {{ref}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
| − | {{GSearch|Copsychus | + | {{GSearch|"Copsychus saularis" {{!}} "Oriental Magpie Robin" {{!}} "Straits Robin" {{!}} "Magpie Robin"}} |
<br /> | <br /> | ||
| − | {{ | + | {{VSearch|"Copsychus saularis" {{!}} "Oriental Magpie Robin" {{!}} "Straits Robin" {{!}} "Magpie Robin"}} |
[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Copsychus]] [[Category:Videos]] [[Category:Bird Songs]] | [[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Copsychus]] [[Category:Videos]] [[Category:Bird Songs]] | ||
| + | {{GS-checked}}1 | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
| + | <br /> | ||
Latest revision as of 23:13, 11 May 2024
Alternative names: Straits Robin, Magpie Robin
- Copsychus saularis
Identification
19–21 cm (7½-8¼ in); including long tail
- Black upperparts, head and throat
- White shoulder patch, underparts and tail side
Females
- Grey upperparts
- Greyish white underparts
Juveniles have scaly brown upperparts and head
Variation
Males in Borneo have an all black belly.
Distribution
Southern Asia from Bangladesh, Pakistan, India, Sri Lanka, Borneo, Indonesia and south China. Possible spread north into Afghanistan with probably the first sighting for the country in Camp Bastion, Helmand on 2nd April 2012.
Taxonomy
Philippine Magpie-Robin was formerly included in this species.
Subspecies
7 subspecies are recognized[1]:
- C. s. saularis:
- North-eastern Pakistan, Nepal, and northern India to eastern and southern China, Hainan Island, Thailand, and Indochina
- C. s. ceylonensis:
- South East India and Sri Lanka
- C. s. andamanensis:
- C. s. musicus:
- C. s. amoenus:
- C. s. adamsi:
- North Borneo, Banggi and adjacent islands
- C. s. pluto:
- East Borneo and Maratua Islands
Habitat
Open woodland, cultivated areas and around human habitation.
Behaviour
Action
They hop on the ground with a frequently cocked tail.
Breeding
The build their nests in a hole, often in a wall. The clutch consists of 3-6 eggs which are incubated by both sexes.
Diet
Their diet consists mostly of crickets, particularly crickets, beetles, caterpillars, ants, wasps and termites.
Vocalisation
The male sings from a perch during the breeding season. It is a loud, tuneful, song.
In the recording here one male sitting high up on a Pine tree is giving song with a variety of intervening calls.
Recording © by Alok Tewari
Sat Tal, Dist. Nainital, Alt. 5500-6000 feet above MSL, India, April-2015
In the file below is evening song, rendered at the Sunset time, during summer :
Recording © by Alok Tewari
In the BG is faint call by another Magpie Robin, and brief calls by Rose-ringed Parakeet and Brown-headed Barbet.
Keoladeo National Park, Bharatpur, Rajasthan, India, June-2017
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2017. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017, with updates to August 2017. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Birdforum thread discussing the possible split of Philippine Magpie-Robin
- Handbook of the Birds of the World Alive (retrieved July 2015)
- Birdforum thread discussing taxonomy of Magpie-Robins
- Wikipedia
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Oriental Magpie-Robin. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 23 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Oriental_Magpie-Robin
External Links
GSearch checked for 2020 platform.1
