Opus - Recent changes [en]

Lesser Wood-shrike

2009-11-22T16:58:40Z

Redirecting to Hooded Pitohui

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#REDIRECT [[Hooded Pitohui]]

Lesser Pitohui

2009-11-22T16:58:22Z

Redirecting to Hooded Pitohui

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#REDIRECT [[Hooded Pitohui]]

Black-headed Pitohui

2009-11-22T16:57:59Z

Redirecting to Hooded Pitohui

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#REDIRECT [[Hooded Pitohui]]

Hooded Pitohui

2009-11-22T16:57:26Z

completed

←Older revision		Revision as of 16:57, 22 November 2009
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-	{{incomplete}}	+	[[Image:Hooded_Pitohui.jpg\|thumb\|550px\|right\|Photo by {{user\|mehdhalaouate\|Mehd Halaouate}}<br />Taja, Papua, August 2006]]
-	[[Image:Hooded_Pitohui.jpg\|thumb\|550px\|right\|Photo by Mehd Halaouate<br />Photo taken in Taja, Papua]]	+	'''Alternative names: Black-headed Pitohui; Lesser Pitohui; Lesser Wood-shrike'''
	;[[:Category:Pitohui\|Pitohui]] dichrous		;[[:Category:Pitohui\|Pitohui]] dichrous
-
	==Identification==		==Identification==
-	Black and orange plumage.	+	22 - 23cm.
-	A neurotoxin called homobatrachotoxin found in the birds' skin and feathers, causes numbness and tingling in those touching the bird.	+	* Black head, chin, throat and upper breast
		+	* Rufous-chestnut uperparts
		+	* Black tail and upperwing
		+	* Bright rufous-chestnut rest of underparts
		+	* Reddish-brown eye
		+	* Dark brown to black bill
		+	Sexes similar.
		+	====Similar species====
		+	Similar to some subspecies of [[Variable Pitohui]] but note bright rufous plumage.
	==Distribution==		==Distribution==
-	[[New Guinea]]	+	Endemic to [[New Guinea]]. Also on Yapen Island.<br />
		+	Locally fairly common.
	==Taxonomy==		==Taxonomy==
		+	Monotypic.
	==Habitat==		==Habitat==
		+	Forests and secondary growth. Found at 350 - 1700m, locally up to 2000m.
	==Behaviour==		==Behaviour==
		+	Feeds mainly on fruit but takes also some insects and grass seeds.<br />
		+	Breeding recorded from October to February. The nest is a cup made of curly vine tendrils, suspended from slender branches around 2m above the ground. Lays 1 - 2 eggs.<br />
		+	Resident species.<br />
		+	The skin and feathers contain powerful neurotoxic alkaloids of the batrachotoxin group (also secreted by the Colombian poison dart frogs, genus'' Phyllobates''). It is believed that these serve the birds as a chemical defence, either against ectoparasites or against visually guided predators such as snakes, raptors or humans. (Dumbacher, et al., 1992) The birds probably do not produce batrachotoxin themselves. It is most likely that the toxins come from the Choresine genus of beetles, part of the bird's diet. (Dumbacher, et al., 2004)
		+	==References==
		+	#{{Ref-Clements6thDec08}}#{{Ref-HBWVol12}}
		+	{{ref}}
	==External Links==		==External Links==
	{{GSearch\|Pitohui+dichrous}}		{{GSearch\|Pitohui+dichrous}}
	*[http://www.aviceda.org/abid/birdimages.php?action=birdspecies&fid=69&bid=1149 View more images of this species on the ABID]		*[http://www.aviceda.org/abid/birdimages.php?action=birdspecies&fid=69&bid=1149 View more images of this species on the ABID]
	[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Pitohui]]		[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Pitohui]]

Variable Pitohui

2009-11-22T16:52:45Z

←Older revision		Revision as of 16:52, 22 November 2009
(One intermediate revision not shown.)
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	;[[:Category:Pitohui\|Pitohui]] kirhocephalus		;[[:Category:Pitohui\|Pitohui]] kirhocephalus
	==Identification==		==Identification==
-	23 to 25.5 cm. A species with many different forms. Not all variatons are mentioned here:	+	23 to 25.5 cm. A species with many different forms. Not all variations are mentioned here:
	* Nominate subspecies:		* Nominate subspecies:
	** Grey head		** Grey head
Line 28:		Line 28:
	** Pale ferruginous rest of underparts		** Pale ferruginous rest of underparts
	Sexes usually alike		Sexes usually alike
		+
	==Distribution==		==Distribution==
	Endemic to [[New Guinea]].<br />		Endemic to [[New Guinea]].<br />
Line 61:		Line 62:
	Breeding recorded in June and July. No other information.<br />		Breeding recorded in June and July. No other information.<br />
	Resident species.<br />		Resident species.<br />
-	The skin and feathers contain powerful neurotoxic alkaloids of the batrachotoxin group (also secreted by the Colombian poison dart frogs, genus'' Phyllobates''). It is believed that these serve the birds as a chemical defence, either against ectoparasites or against visually guided predators such as snakes, raptors or humans. (Dumbacher, et al., 1992) The birds probably do not produce batrachotoxin themselves. It is most likely that the toxins come from the Choresine genus of beetles, part of the bird's diet. (Dumbacher, et al., 2004)	+	The skin and feathers contain powerful neurotoxic alkaloids of the batrachotoxin group (also secreted by the Colombian poison dart frogs, genus'' Phyllobates''). It is believed that these serve the birds as a chemical defence, either against ectoparasites or against visually guided predators such as snakes, raptors or humans. (Dumbacher, et al., 1992) The birds probably do not produce batrachotoxin themselves. It is most likely that the toxins come from the Choresine genus of beetles, part of the bird's diet. (Dumbacher, et al., 2004)
	==References==		==References==
	#{{Ref-Clements6thDec08}}#{{Ref-HBWVol12}}		#{{Ref-Clements6thDec08}}#{{Ref-HBWVol12}}

Greater Wood Shrike

2009-11-22T16:46:01Z

Redirecting to Variable Pitohui

New page

#REDIRECT [[Variable Pitohui]]

Greater Wood-shrike

2009-11-22T16:45:48Z

Redirecting to Variable Pitohui

New page

#REDIRECT [[Variable Pitohui]]

Greater Pitohui

2009-11-22T16:45:32Z

Redirecting to Variable Pitohui

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#REDIRECT [[Variable Pitohui]]

Variable Pitohui

2009-11-22T16:44:51Z

completed

←Older revision		Revision as of 16:44, 22 November 2009
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-	{{incomplete}}	+	[[Image:Variable_Pitohui.jpg\|thumb\|550px\|right\|Photo by {{user\|mehdhalaouate\|Mehd Halaouate}}<br />Taja, Papua, September 2006]]
-	[[Image:Variable_Pitohui.jpg\|thumb\|550px\|right\|Photo by Mehd Halaouate<br />Photo taken: Taja, Papua.]]	+	'''Alternative names: Greater Wood-shrike; Greater Pitohui'''
	;[[:Category:Pitohui\|Pitohui]] kirhocephalus		;[[:Category:Pitohui\|Pitohui]] kirhocephalus
	==Identification==		==Identification==
-	It exists in many different forms (see Taxonomy).	+	23 to 25.5 cm. A species with many different forms. Not all variatons are mentioned here:
-		+	* Nominate subspecies:
-	23 to 25.5 cm. Black head and wings, reddish back, orange breast and belly, and black legs.	+	** Grey head
-		+	** Dark reddish-brown upperparts
		+	** Fuscous upperwing and tail
		+	** Grey throat
		+	** Ferruginous underparts
		+	** Black bill
		+	* ''Meridionalis''
		+	** Black head
		+	** Black upperwing and tail
		+	** Female with dark-brown head
		+	* ''Uropygialis''
		+	** Black head, throat and upper breast
		+	** Dark reddish-brown underparts
		+	** Black upperwing and tail
		+	* ''Jobiensis''
		+	** Entire plumage ferruginous
		+	** Pale bill
		+	* ''Cerviniventris''
		+	** Pale grey head and upper breast
		+	** Grey upperparts
		+	** Olive-grey upperwings and tail
		+	** Pale ferruginous rest of underparts
		+	Sexes usually alike
	==Distribution==		==Distribution==
-	[[Indonesia]] and [[Papua New Guinea]].	+	Endemic to [[New Guinea]].<br />
-		+	Common to very common.
	==Taxonomy==		==Taxonomy==
-	Twenty subspecies with different plumage patterns have been named.	+	Clements accepts 21 subspecies:
-		+	* ''P. k. kirhocephalus'' on coastal northeast [[New Guinea]]
		+	* ''P. k. salvadorii'' in northwest [[New Guinea]] (Geelvink Bay region)
		+	* ''P. k. dohertyi'' in northwest [[New Guinea]] (islands and peninsulas of Wandammen area)
		+	* ''P. k. rubiensis'' in northwest [[New Guinea]] (head of Geelvink Bay)
		+	* ''P. k. tibialis'' in northwest [[New Guinea]] (western half of Vogelkop Peninsula)
		+	* ''P. k. stramineipectus'' in southwest [[New Guinea]] (Triton Bay region)
		+	* ''P. k. decipiens'' in southwest [[New Guinea]] (Onin Peninsula)
		+	* ''P. k. adiensis'' on Adi Island (off s coast of Onin Peninsula)
		+	* ''P. k. carolinae'' in southwestern [[New Guinea]] (Etna Bay region)
		+	* ''P. k. brunneivertex'' in western [[New Guinea]] (se coast of Geelvink Bay)
		+	* ''P. k. jobiensis'' on Kurudu I. and Yapen I.
		+	* ''P. k. meyeri'' in coastal northern [[New Guinea]] (Mamberamo River to Tami River)
		+	* ''P. k. senex'' in northern [[New Guinea]] (upper Sepik Valley)
		+	* ''P. k. brunneicaudus'' in northern [[New Guinea]] (lower Sepik River to upper Ramu River)
		+	* ''P. k.s nigripectus'' in south [[New Guinea]]
		+	* ''P. k. meridionalis'' in southeast [[New Guinea]] (Chads Bay to Yule I.)
		+	* ''P. k. brunneiceps'' in south [[New Guinea]] (Fly River to Gulf of Papua)
		+	* ''P. k. aruensis'' on Aru Islands
		+	* ''P. k. uropygialis'' on Salawati and Misool islands
		+	* ''P. k. pallidus'' on Sagewin and Batanta islands
		+	* ''P. k. cervineiventris'' on Waigeo and Gemien islands
	==Habitat==		==Habitat==
-	Moist lowland forests.	+	Moist lowland forests. Found up to 1100m, locally to 1500m.
	==Behaviour==		==Behaviour==
-	The diet includes insects and berries.	+	The diet includes insects and berries.<br />
-		+	Often hiding in dense vegetation.<br />
		+	Breeding recorded in June and July. No other information.<br />
		+	Resident species.<br />
	The skin and feathers contain powerful neurotoxic alkaloids of the batrachotoxin group (also secreted by the Colombian poison dart frogs, genus'' Phyllobates''). It is believed that these serve the birds as a chemical defence, either against ectoparasites or against visually guided predators such as snakes, raptors or humans. (Dumbacher, et al., 1992) The birds probably do not produce batrachotoxin themselves. It is most likely that the toxins come from the Choresine genus of beetles, part of the bird's diet. (Dumbacher, et al., 2004)		The skin and feathers contain powerful neurotoxic alkaloids of the batrachotoxin group (also secreted by the Colombian poison dart frogs, genus'' Phyllobates''). It is believed that these serve the birds as a chemical defence, either against ectoparasites or against visually guided predators such as snakes, raptors or humans. (Dumbacher, et al., 1992) The birds probably do not produce batrachotoxin themselves. It is most likely that the toxins come from the Choresine genus of beetles, part of the bird's diet. (Dumbacher, et al., 2004)
-		+	==References==
		+	#{{Ref-Clements6thDec08}}#{{Ref-HBWVol12}}
		+	{{ref}}
	==External Links==		==External Links==
	{{GSearch\|Variable+Pitohui}}		{{GSearch\|Variable+Pitohui}}

	[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Pitohui]]		[[Category:Birds]] [[Category:Pitohui]]

Category:Colluricincla

2009-11-22T16:22:52Z

completed, picture added

←Older revision		Revision as of 16:22, 22 November 2009
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		+	[[Image:16212DSCN7849-gmp.JPG\|thumb\|250px\|right\|[[Little Shrike-thrush]]<br />Photo by [http://www.birdforum.net/member.php?u=16212 Mat & Cathy] ]]
	Genus: ''Colluricincla''		Genus: ''Colluricincla''
-
	==Description==		==Description==
-	All members of this genus are Shrike-Thrushes, likely with the exception of the [[Morningbird]].	+	Shrike-thrushes are neither Shrikes nor Thrushes but related to the [[:Category:Pachycephala\|Wistlers]].<br />
		+	They have different songs, they lack the bright colours of some Whistlers, the have a larger bill and their sexual dimorphism is very slightly. They seem to be a larger, heavier-bodied version of the Whistlers.<br />
		+	Most species are found in [[Australia]] and [[New Guinea]].
	==Taxonomy==		==Taxonomy==
-	''Colluricincla'' is a genus in the family [[: Category:Pachycephalidae\|Pachycephalidae]].	+	''Colluricincla'' is a genus in the family [[: Category:Pachycephalidae\|Pachycephalidae]].<br />
		+	A new study has shown that the Morningbird would be better placed in the genus [[:Category:Pachycephala\|Pachycephala]].

	{{Nav-Colluricincla}}		{{Nav-Colluricincla}}
-	[[Category:Pachycephalidae]] [[Category:Incomplete Taxa]]	+	==References==
		+	#{{Ref-HBWVol12}}
		+	{{ref}}
		+	[[Category:Pachycephalidae]]

Brown-breasted Shrike-thrush

2009-11-22T16:16:36Z

Redirecting to Sandstone Shrike-thrush

New page