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'''Spilornis minimus''''' redirects here. For the species '''Nicobar Serpent Eagle''', see '''''[[Nicobar Serpent Eagle|Spilornis klossi]]'''''.'' | '''Spilornis minimus''''' redirects here. For the species '''Nicobar Serpent Eagle''', see '''''[[Nicobar Serpent Eagle|Spilornis klossi]]'''''.'' | ||
− | [[Image:SnakeHEagleH 2976.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Subspecies ''cheela''<br />Photo by {{user|mikemiki|mikemik}} <br />Kanha National Park, Mandla, [[India]], November 2015]] | + | [[Image:SnakeHEagleH 2976.jpg|thumb|550px|right|Subspecies ''cheela''<br />Photo © by {{user|mikemiki|mikemik}} <br />Kanha National Park, Mandla, [[India]], November 2015]] |
;[[:Category:Spilornis|Spilornis]] cheela | ;[[:Category:Spilornis|Spilornis]] cheela | ||
==Identification== | ==Identification== | ||
− | [[Image:Crested Serpent Eagle 5.jpg|thumb|275px|right|Subspecies ''spilogaster'' <br />Photo by {{user|Steve+G|Steve G}}<br />Minneriya National Park, [[Sri Lanka]], August 2009]] | + | [[Image:Crested Serpent Eagle 5.jpg|thumb|275px|right|Subspecies ''spilogaster'' <br />Photo © by {{user|Steve+G|Steve G}}<br />Minneriya National Park, [[Sri Lanka]], August 2009]] |
Medium large raptor about 50–74 cm (19¾-29 in) in length. <br /> | Medium large raptor about 50–74 cm (19¾-29 in) in length. <br /> | ||
'''Adult''' | '''Adult''' | ||
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==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
====Subspecies==== | ====Subspecies==== | ||
− | [[Image:7Q7A3002.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''spilogaster''. Juvenile practising his hunting skills <br />Photo by {{user|Windrider|Windrider}}<br />Wilpattu National Park, [[Sri Lanka]], August 2016]] | + | [[Image:7Q7A3002.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''spilogaster''. Juvenile practising his hunting skills <br />Photo © by {{user|Windrider|Windrider}}<br />Wilpattu National Park, [[Sri Lanka]], August 2016]] |
− | [[Image:Crested Serpent Eagle TRY.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''burmanicus''<br />Photo by {{user|robby+thai|robby thai}}<br />Tai Rom Yen NP, [[Thailand]], October 2016]] | + | [[Image:Crested Serpent Eagle TRY.JPG|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''burmanicus''<br />Photo © by {{user|robby+thai|robby thai}}<br />Tai Rom Yen NP, [[Thailand]], October 2016]] |
About 20 subspecies are currently recognised, some of which may be deserving of full species status<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | About 20 subspecies are currently recognised, some of which may be deserving of full species status<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | ||
* ''S. c. cheela'' in northern [[India]] and [[Nepal]] | * ''S. c. cheela'' in northern [[India]] and [[Nepal]] | ||
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Click on photo for larger image | Click on photo for larger image | ||
<gallery> | <gallery> | ||
− | Image:39260419820 7bfdb91a2f z.jpg|Subspecies ''malayensis''<br />Photo by {{user|SeeToh|SeeToh}}<br />Goldhill Avenue, [[Singapore]], March 2018 | + | Image:39260419820 7bfdb91a2f z.jpg|Subspecies ''malayensis''<br />Photo © by {{user|SeeToh|SeeToh}}<br />Goldhill Avenue, [[Singapore]], March 2018 |
− | Image:44497Ryukyu-Serpent-Eagle.jpg|Subspecies ''perplexus'' <br /> Photo by {{user|MANDA|MANDA}} <br />Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, [[Japan]], March 2005 | + | Image:44497Ryukyu-Serpent-Eagle.jpg|Subspecies ''perplexus'' <br /> Photo © by {{user|MANDA|MANDA}} <br />Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, [[Japan]], March 2005 |
− | Image:21262208666 29d31d5b6e b.jpg|Subspecies ''hoya'' <br />Photo by {{user|Dave+2x|Dave 2x}}<br />[[Taiwan]], September 2015 | + | Image:21262208666 29d31d5b6e b.jpg|Subspecies ''hoya'' <br />Photo © by {{user|Dave+2x|Dave 2x}}<br />[[Taiwan]], September 2015 |
− | Image:crested_serpent_eagle_alok.JPG|Nominate subspecies : Crest raised<br /> | + | Image:crested_serpent_eagle_alok.JPG|Nominate subspecies : Crest raised<br />Photo © by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br />[[Jim Corbett National Park (Uttaranchal)|Jim Corbett NP, India]], June-2016 |
− | Image:crested_serpent_eagle_2_alok.JPG|Immature Nominate subspecies<br /> | + | Image:crested_serpent_eagle_2_alok.JPG|Immature Nominate subspecies<br />Photo © by {{user|aloktewari|Alok Tewari}}<br />[[Keoladeo National Park]], [[India]], February-2018 |
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
==References== | ==References== |
Revision as of 07:58, 28 January 2019
Spilornis minimus redirects here. For the species Nicobar Serpent Eagle, see Spilornis klossi.
- Spilornis cheela
Identification
Medium large raptor about 50–74 cm (19¾-29 in) in length.
Adult
- Dark brown upperparts and head
- Hooded appearance at rest
- Pale brown underparts and underwing coverts
- Appears large-headed and owl-like due to face s hape and position of eyes
Flight
- Shallow dihedral in soaring flight
- Tail and flight feathers black with broad white stripes
Distribution
Southern Asia. Widespread and generally common from northern India south to Sri Lanka east to southern China, Hainan, Taiwan and the southern Ryukyu Islands and south to the Andaman Islands and Malay Peninsula. Also breeds on Palawan, Borneo, Sumatra, Java and many smaller islands.
Taxonomy
Subspecies
About 20 subspecies are currently recognised, some of which may be deserving of full species status[1]:
- S. c. cheela in northern India and Nepal
- S. c. melanotis in the Indo-Gangetic plain
- S. c. spilogaster in Sri Lanka
- S. c. burmanicus from Burma to southwestern China, Thailand and Indochina
- S. c. davisoni on the Andaman Islands
- S. c. ricketti in southern China and northern Vietnam
- S. c. hoya in Taiwan
- S. c. rutherfordi on Hainan (southern China)
- S. c. palawanensis on Palawan (southwestern Philippines)
- S. c. pallidus in the lowlands of northern Borneo
- S. c. richmondi in southern Borneo
- S. c. malayensis on the Malay Peninsula, northern Sumatra and Anambas Islands
- S. c. batu on southern Sumatra and Batu Islands
- S. c. bido on Java and Bali
- S. c. minimus on Nicobar Islands, India
- S. c. perplexus on southern Ryukyu Islands
- S. c. natunensis on Natunas and Belitung islands (off Borneo)
- S. c. abbotti on Simeulue Island (off western Sumatra)
- S. c. asturinus on Nias Island (off western Sumatra)
- S. c. sipora on the Mentawai Archipelago (off western Sumatra)
- S. c. baweanus on Bawean Island (off northern Java)
Habitat
Forest and forest edge, riverine woodland, farmland and sometimes near villages. Occurs up to 3,000m in the Himalayas.
Behaviour
Diet
They specialise in reptiles, hunting over woodland for tree snakes and lizards.
They will, occasionally, take mammals, crabs, eels and birds.
Vocalisation
They are very vocal, especially in breeding display flights.
Gallery
Click on photo for larger image
Nominate subspecies : Crest raised
Photo © by Alok Tewari
Jim Corbett NP, India, June-2016Immature Nominate subspecies
Photo © by Alok Tewari
Keoladeo National Park, India, February-2018
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2017. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2017, with updates to August 2017. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Birdforum thread discussing identification of Crested Serpent Eagle
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Crested Serpent Eagle. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 29 May 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Crested_Serpent_Eagle
External Links