Distribution
Breeds from Scandinavia and southern Finland east to west-central Russia, (east bank of the Ob river), south to northeast France, southern Germany, Romania and locally northern Balkans, Ukraine, Crimea and region east of Sea of Azov and northern Iran.
Winters to southern Africa.
Habitat
Open deciduous woodland, including oak (Quercus), birch (Betula), beech (Fagus sylvatica), alder (Alnus), stands of young pine (Pinus) if in mixed woodland, bushes and also parks and gardens, often near water. Also enjoys dense woods with open glades and undergrowth.
Frequents lowlands in north of range, wooded hills and mountain slopes up to 1500 m in south.