(Imp sizes.) |
(Behavioural picture of juvenile. Two images 'galleried'. Behaviour expanded. References updated) |
||
| Line 7: | Line 7: | ||
*Dark brown upperparts and head | *Dark brown upperparts and head | ||
**Hooded appearance at rest | **Hooded appearance at rest | ||
| − | [[Image:Crested Serpent Eagle 5.jpg|thumb| | + | [[Image:Crested Serpent Eagle 5.jpg|thumb|275px|right|Subspecies ''spilogaster'' <br />Photo by {{user|Steve+G|Steve G}}<br />[[Minneriya National Park]], [[Sri Lanka]], August 2009]] |
*Pale brown underparts and underwing coverts | *Pale brown underparts and underwing coverts | ||
*Appears large-headed and owl-like due to face s hape and position of eyes | *Appears large-headed and owl-like due to face s hape and position of eyes | ||
| Line 14: | Line 14: | ||
*Tail and flight feathers black with broad white stripes | *Tail and flight feathers black with broad white stripes | ||
==Distribution== | ==Distribution== | ||
| − | Southern [[Asia]]. Widespread and generally common from northern [[India]] south to [[Sri Lanka]] east to southern [[China]], | + | Southern [[Asia]]. Widespread and generally common from northern [[India]] south to [[Sri Lanka]] east to southern [[China]], Hainan, [[Taiwan]] and the southern Ryukyu Islands and south to the [[Andaman Islands]] and [[Malay Peninsula]]. Also breeds on Palawan, [[Borneo]], [[Sumatra]], [[Java]] and many smaller islands. |
==Taxonomy== | ==Taxonomy== | ||
====Subspecies==== | ====Subspecies==== | ||
| + | [[Image:7Q7A3002.jpg|thumb|350px|right|Subspecies ''spilogaster''. Juvenile practising his hunting skills <br />Photo by {{user|Windrider|Windrider}}<br />Wilpattu National Park, [[Sri Lanka]], August 2016]] | ||
| + | |||
About 20 subspecies are currently recognised, some of which may be deserving of full species status<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | About 20 subspecies are currently recognised, some of which may be deserving of full species status<sup>[[#References|[1]]]</sup>: | ||
* ''S. c. cheela'' in northern [[India]] and [[Nepal]] | * ''S. c. cheela'' in northern [[India]] and [[Nepal]] | ||
| Line 26: | Line 28: | ||
* ''S. c. hoya'' in [[Taiwan]] | * ''S. c. hoya'' in [[Taiwan]] | ||
* ''S. c. rutherfordi'' on Hainan (southern [[China]]) | * ''S. c. rutherfordi'' on Hainan (southern [[China]]) | ||
| − | |||
* ''S. c. palawanensis'' on Palawan (southwestern [[Philippines]]) | * ''S. c. palawanensis'' on Palawan (southwestern [[Philippines]]) | ||
* ''S. c. pallidus'' in the lowlands of northern [[Borneo]] | * ''S. c. pallidus'' in the lowlands of northern [[Borneo]] | ||
| Line 42: | Line 43: | ||
==Habitat== | ==Habitat== | ||
| − | |||
Forest and forest edge, riverine woodland, farmland and sometimes near villages. Occurs up to 3,000m in the [[Himalayas]]. | Forest and forest edge, riverine woodland, farmland and sometimes near villages. Occurs up to 3,000m in the [[Himalayas]]. | ||
==Behaviour== | ==Behaviour== | ||
====Diet==== | ====Diet==== | ||
| − | They specialise in reptiles hunting over woodland for snakes and lizards. | + | They specialise in reptiles hunting over woodland for tree snakes and lizards. |
| + | |||
| + | They will, occasionally, take mammals, crabs, eels and birds. | ||
| + | ====Vocalisation==== | ||
| + | They are very vocal, especially in breeding display flights. | ||
| + | ==Gallery== | ||
| + | Click on photo for larger image | ||
| + | <gallery> | ||
| + | Image:44497Ryukyu-Serpent-Eagle.jpg|Subspecies ''perplexus'' <br /> Photo by {{user|MANDA|MANDA}} <br />Ishigaki Island, Okinawa, [[Japan]], March 2005 | ||
| + | Image:21262208666 29d31d5b6e b.jpg|Subspecies ''hoya'' <br />Photo by {{user|Dave+2x|Dave 2x}}<br />[[Taiwan]], September 2015 | ||
| + | </gallery> | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
| − | #{{Ref- | + | #{{Ref-Clements6thAug16}}#[http://www.birdforum.net/showthread.php?t=283837 Birdforum thread] discussing identification of Crested Serpent Eagle |
{{ref}} | {{ref}} | ||
Revision as of 22:22, 17 September 2016
Spilornis minimus redirects here. For the species Nicobar Serpent Eagle, see Spilornis klossi.
- Spilornis cheela
Identification
Medium large raptor about 50–74 cm (19¾-29 in) in length.
Adult
- Dark brown upperparts and head
- Hooded appearance at rest
- Pale brown underparts and underwing coverts
- Appears large-headed and owl-like due to face s hape and position of eyes
Flight
- Shallow dihedral in soaring flight
- Tail and flight feathers black with broad white stripes
Distribution
Southern Asia. Widespread and generally common from northern India south to Sri Lanka east to southern China, Hainan, Taiwan and the southern Ryukyu Islands and south to the Andaman Islands and Malay Peninsula. Also breeds on Palawan, Borneo, Sumatra, Java and many smaller islands.
Taxonomy
Subspecies
About 20 subspecies are currently recognised, some of which may be deserving of full species status[1]:
- S. c. cheela in northern India and Nepal
- S. c. melanotis in the Indo-Gangetic plain
- S. c. spilogaster in Sri Lanka
- S. c. burmanicus from Burma to southwestern China, Thailand and Indochina
- S. c. davisoni on the Andaman Islands
- S. c. ricketti in southern China and northern Vietnam
- S. c. hoya in Taiwan
- S. c. rutherfordi on Hainan (southern China)
- S. c. palawanensis on Palawan (southwestern Philippines)
- S. c. pallidus in the lowlands of northern Borneo
- S. c. richmondi in southern Borneo
- S. c. malayensis on the Malay Peninsula, northern Sumatra and Anambas Islands
- S. c. batu on southern Sumatra and Batu Islands
- S. c. bido on Java and Bali
- S. c. minimus on Nicobar Islands, India
- S. c. perplexus on southern Ryukyu Islands
- S. c. natunensis on Natunas and Belitung islands (off Borneo)
- S. c. abbotti on Simeulue Island (off western Sumatra)
- S. c. asturinus on Nias Island (off western Sumatra)
- S. c. sipora on the Mentawai Archipelago (off western Sumatra)
- S. c. baweanus on Bawean Island (off northern Java)
Habitat
Forest and forest edge, riverine woodland, farmland and sometimes near villages. Occurs up to 3,000m in the Himalayas.
Behaviour
Diet
They specialise in reptiles hunting over woodland for tree snakes and lizards.
They will, occasionally, take mammals, crabs, eels and birds.
Vocalisation
They are very vocal, especially in breeding display flights.
Gallery
Click on photo for larger image
References
- Clements, J. F., T. S. Schulenberg, M. J. Iliff, D. Roberson, T. A. Fredericks, B. L. Sullivan, and C. L. Wood. 2016. The eBird/Clements checklist of birds of the world: v2016, with updates to August 2016. Downloaded from http://www.birds.cornell.edu/clementschecklist/download/
- Birdforum thread discussing identification of Crested Serpent Eagle
Recommended Citation
- BirdForum Opus contributors. (2024) Crested Serpent Eagle. In: BirdForum, the forum for wild birds and birding. Retrieved 1 June 2024 from https://www.birdforum.net/opus/Crested_Serpent_Eagle
External Links
